AMPK activator 4 is a potent AMPK activator without inhibition of mitochondrial complex I. AMPK activator 4 selectively activates AMPK in the muscle tissues. AMPK activator 4 dose-dependently improves glucose tolerance in normal mice, and significantly lowers fasting blood glucose level and ameliorates insulin resistance in db/db diabetic mice. Anti-hyperglycemic effect.
In Vitro
AMPK activator 4 (compound B10) (0-20 μM; 12-24 hours) induces phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream protein ACC. AMPK activator 4-mediated AMPK phosphorylation requires LKB1. AMPK activator 4 slight decreases the viability of HepG2 cells after 72 hours of treatment at 10-20 μM. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Western Blot AnalysisCell Line: C2C12 myotubes, HepG2 and HuH-7 cells Concentration: 0-20 μM Incubation Time: 12-24 hours Result: Induced dose-dependently phosphorylation of ACC in C2C12 myotube cells, and the phosphorylation of ACC was highly consistent with the phosphorylation of AMPK. Increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 and HuH-7 cells.
In Vivo
AMPK activator 4 (100 mg/kg; Intragastrical administration; daily for 9 weeks) shows anti-hyperglycemic effect . MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Animal Model: db/db mice (5-week old) Dosage: 100 mg/kg Administration: Intragastrical administration; daily for 9 weeks Result: Significantly lowered the fasting blood glucose in db/db mice (2-6 weeks). Significantly improved insulin resistance in db/db mice (for 9 weeks). The body weight and the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (two markers of liver injury) were not significantly affected.