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ID: ALA4665889

Journal: J Med Chem

Title: Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Characterization of a Neutral, Non-Prodrug Thrombin Inhibitor with Good Oral Pharmacokinetics.

Authors: Hillisch A,Gericke KM,Allerheiligen S,Roehrig S,Schaefer M,Tersteegen A,Schulz S,Lienau P,Gnoth M,Puetter V,Hillig RC,Heitmeier S

Abstract: Despite extensive research on small molecule thrombin inhibitors for oral application in the past decades, only a single double prodrug with very modest oral bioavailability has reached human therapy as a marketed drug. We have undertaken major efforts to identify neutral, non-prodrug inhibitors. Using a holistic analysis of all available internal data, we were able to build computational models and apply these for the selection of a lead series with the highest possibility of achieving oral bioavailability. In our design, we relied on protein structure knowledge to address potency and identified a small window of favorable physicochemical properties to balance absorption and metabolic stability. Protein structure information on the pregnane X receptor helped in overcoming a persistent cytochrome P450 3A4 induction problem. The selected compound series was optimized to a highly potent, neutral, non-prodrug thrombin inhibitor by designing, synthesizing, and testing derivatives. The resulting optimized compound, BAY1217224, has reached first clinical trials, which have confirmed the desired pharmacokinetic properties.

CiteXplore: 33108181

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01035