MMV: Toxicity @ 2.5 uM to newly transformed Schistosoma mansoni somules after 24 h on a scale of 0 (none) - 4 (most) as judged visually: includes short descriptors of effects (PMID:19597541). Caffrey group UCSF.
MMV: Toxicity @ 2.5 uM to newly transformed Schistosoma mansoni somules after 48 h on a scale of 0 (none) - 4 (most) as judged visually: includes short descriptors of effects (PMID:19597541). Caffrey group UCSF.
MMV: Toxicity @ 2.5 uM to newly transformed Schistosoma mansoni somules after 72 h on a scale of 0 (none) - 4 (most) as judged visually: includes short descriptors of effects (PMID:19597541). Caffrey group UCSF.
MMV: Compounds (1uM) were screened in a 72hr growth assay monitored by flow cytometry both in the presence and absence of supplemental isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) 200uM. Compounds which fail to show anti-malarial activity when chemically rescued by IPP are therefore specific to the apicoplast. The values are expressed as the ratio of the corresponding activity with and without IPP, respectively.
MMV: Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts (Iowa Strain) were prepared for use by treatment with 10 mM HCl (37 degrees C, 10 min) followed by 2 mM sodium taurocholate in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with Ca2+ and Mg2+ (16 degrees C, 10 min) in order to stimulate excystation. The high-throughput screen was carried out by inoculating >90% confluent human ileocecal adenocarcinoma (HCT-8) cells (ATCC) with ~5.5 x 10^3 primed oocysts per well. Experimental compounds or DMSO (vehicle) were added three hours after infection, and cells were incubated for 48 hours.
MMV: Growth inhibition of P. falciparum cultures was quantified using a parasite lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. The cultures were diluted to 0.5% parasitemea and 2% hematocrit and subjected to each twofold serial dilutions of the compounds for 72 h (DMSO final concentration, 0.25%). After 72 h, the cultures were frozen. LDH activity of P. falciparum parasites in aliquots of freeze-thawed cultures was spectrophotometrically measured and the IC50s were determined.
MMV: Primary screening was performed with each compound at a 30 uM final concentration and in triplicate in sealed 96-well polystyrene microtiter plates. Parasite inocula (100 ul) comprising 20000 parasites/ml were added to each well and grown at 37 degrees C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 for 72 h. Positive controls consisted of metronidazole at 1 mg/ml. The growth of E. histolytica trophozoites in each well was determined microscopically by measuring the diameters of the confluent cells in drug-containing wells relative to those in the nega- tive-control wells.
MMV: A total of 100ul of inoculum was added to each well (parasite/cell ratio, ~10:1; final volume, 200 ul). Six hours after inoculation, nonadherent parasites were removed, and 100 ul of complete DMEM (1% penicillin-streptomycin, 3% FBS) supplemented with inhibitors at different concentrations (2-fold serial dilutions starting from 30 uM) was added to all except the negative-control wells. Positive controls, consisting of pyrimethamine (PYR) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) (20-mg/ml stocks in DMSO), were tested at a 2mg/ml final concentration. Each test was performed in triplicate.