Enzyme Inhibtion Assay: To determine Aurora B activity of representative compounds of the invention, Active Aurora B enzyme (recombinant residues 1-344) and INCENP (recombinant GST fusion protein (Upstate)) were incubated in wells of a 384 well plate with biotinylted histone H3 peptide residues 1-21 (Upstate), 1 mM ATP, and various concentrations of inhibitors in a HEPES buffer, pH 7.4 containing MgCl2, sodium othrovanadate, and Triton X-100. After 1 hour, the reaction was stopped with EDTA and anti-phospho-histone H3 Europium Cryptate (Cis-Bio) and SA-APC (Phycolink, Prozyme) were added to detect the phosphopeptide. The amount of phosphorylation was determined by the time-resolved fluorescence ratio of signals at 665 nm and 615 nm.
Enzyme Inhibtion Assay: To determine Aurora A and C activity of representative compounds of the invention, Active Aurora A or C enzyme was incubated in wells of a 384 well plate with biotinylated STK substrate-2 (Upstate), 1 mM ATP, and various concentrations of inhibitors in a Hepes buffer, pH 7.4 containing MgCl2, sodium othrovanadate, and Triton X-100. After 1 hour, the reaction was stopped with EDTA and anti-phospho-STK antibody Europium Cryptate (Upstate) and SA-XL665 (Upstate) were added to detect the phosphopeptide. The amount of phosphorylation was determined by the time-resolved fluorescence ratio of signals at 665 nm and 615 nm.
Homogenous Time-Resolved Fluorescence Assay (HTRF): To determine the activity of the various kinases, a homogenous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) in vitro kinase assay was used. (Mathis, G., HTRF(R) Technology. J Biomol Screen, 1999. 4(6): p. 309-314; Alfred J. Kolb, Paul V. Kaplita, David J. Hayes, Young-Whan Park, Christine Pernell, John S. Major and Gerard Mathis, Drug Discovery Today, 1998, 3, 333-342.). For example for KDR, cKIT, FLT1, CSF1R and FTL3, purified enzyme was mixed with 0.5 μM N-biotinylated substrate (Biotin-Ahx-AEEEYFFLA-amide (SEQ. ID. 1)), various concentrations of inhibitor in reaction buffer (50 mM HEPES, pH 7.1, 10 mM MgCl2, 2 mM MnCl2, 0.1% BSA and 1 mM DTT, 40 μL final volume), ATP (1 mM final conc.) in a black 384-well plate. After 60 minutes incubation at room temperature, the reaction was quenched by addition of a buffered EDTA solution.
Inhibtion Assay: Assays (200 μL final volume) were carried out in NUNC polypropylene deep well plates in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, using a microtiter plate shaker in a 37° C. incubator. Pooled human liver microsomes (BD Gentest, 50 μg/mL) were incubated with 5 concentrations of test compound (from 0.1 μM to 10 μM), 1 mM NADPH (Sigma), and 2 μM midazolam (Sigma). A constant amount of dimethylsulfoxide (1%) was added to the incubations with the test compounds, and each analysis was performed in duplicate. For preincubation experiments (Pre), the microsomes, test compounds, and NADPH were mixed and incubated 30 minutes before addition of midazolam. For coincubation experiments (Co), the compounds, microsomes, and midazolam were mixed and the reaction initiated by addition of NADPH to the wells.
Homogenous Time-Resolved Fluorescence Assay (HTRF): To determine the activity of the various kinases, a homogenous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) in vitro kinase assay was used. (Mathis, G., HTRF(R) Technology. J Biomol Screen, 1999. 4(6): p. 309-314; Alfred J. Kolb, Paul V. Kaplita, David J. Hayes, Young-Whan Park, Christine Pernell, John S. Major and Gerard Mathis, Drug Discovery Today, 1998, 3, 333-342.). For example for KDR, cKIT, FLT1, CSF1R and FTL3, purified enzyme was mixed with 0.5 μM N-biotinylated substrate (Biotin-Ahx-AEEEYFFLA-amide (SEQ. ID. 1)), various concentrations of inhibitor in reaction buffer (50 mM HEPES, pH 7.1, 10 mM MgCl2, 2 mM MnCl2, 0.1% BSA and 1 mM DTT, 40 μL final volume), ATP (1 mM final conc.) in a black 384-well plate. After 60 minutes incubation at room temperature, the reaction was quenched by addition of a buffered EDTA solution.
Homogenous Time-Resolved Fluorescence Assay (HTRF): To determine the activity of the various kinases, a homogenous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) in vitro kinase assay was used. (Mathis, G., HTRF(R) Technology. J Biomol Screen, 1999. 4(6): p. 309-314; Alfred J. Kolb, Paul V. Kaplita, David J. Hayes, Young-Whan Park, Christine Pernell, John S. Major and Gerard Mathis, Drug Discovery Today, 1998, 3, 333-342.). For example for KDR, cKIT, FLT1, CSF1R and FTL3, purified enzyme was mixed with 0.5 μM N-biotinylated substrate (Biotin-Ahx-AEEEYFFLA-amide (SEQ. ID. 1)), various concentrations of inhibitor in reaction buffer (50 mM HEPES, pH 7.1, 10 mM MgCl2, 2 mM MnCl2, 0.1% BSA and 1 mM DTT, 40 μL final volume), ATP (1 mM final conc.) in a black 384-well plate. After 60 minutes incubation at room temperature, the reaction was quenched by addition of a buffered EDTA solution.
Homogenous Time-Resolved Fluorescence Assay (HTRF): To determine the activity of the various kinases, a homogenous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) in vitro kinase assay was used. (Mathis, G., HTRF(R) Technology. J Biomol Screen, 1999. 4(6): p. 309-314; Alfred J. Kolb, Paul V. Kaplita, David J. Hayes, Young-Whan Park, Christine Pernell, John S. Major and Gerard Mathis, Drug Discovery Today, 1998, 3, 333-342.). For example for KDR, cKIT, FLT1, CSF1R and FTL3, purified enzyme was mixed with 0.5 μM N-biotinylated substrate (Biotin-Ahx-AEEEYFFLA-amide (SEQ. ID. 1)), various concentrations of inhibitor in reaction buffer (50 mM HEPES, pH 7.1, 10 mM MgCl2, 2 mM MnCl2, 0.1% BSA and 1 mM DTT, 40 μL final volume), ATP (1 mM final conc.) in a black 384-well plate. After 60 minutes incubation at room temperature, the reaction was quenched by addition of a buffered EDTA solution.
Homogenous Time-Resolved Fluorescence Assay (HTRF): To determine the activity of the various kinases, a homogenous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) in vitro kinase assay was used. (Mathis, G., HTRF(R) Technology. J Biomol Screen, 1999. 4(6): p. 309-314; Alfred J. Kolb, Paul V. Kaplita, David J. Hayes, Young-Whan Park, Christine Pernell, John S. Major and Gerard Mathis, Drug Discovery Today, 1998, 3, 333-342.). For example for KDR, cKIT, FLT1, CSF1R and FTL3, purified enzyme was mixed with 0.5 μM N-biotinylated substrate (Biotin-Ahx-AEEEYFFLA-amide (SEQ. ID. 1)), various concentrations of inhibitor in reaction buffer (50 mM HEPES, pH 7.1, 10 mM MgCl2, 2 mM MnCl2, 0.1% BSA and 1 mM DTT, 40 μL final volume), ATP (1 mM final conc.) in a black 384-well plate. After 60 minutes incubation at room temperature, the reaction was quenched by addition of a buffered EDTA solution.