Electrophysiological Assay: Patch voltage clamp electrophysiology allows for the direct measurement and quantification of block of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV's), and allows the determination of the time- and voltage-dependence of block which has been interpreted as differential binding to the resting, open, and inactivated states of the sodium channel (Hille, B., Journal of General Physiology (1977), 69: 497-515).The following patch voltage clamp electrophysiology studies were performed on representative compounds of the invention using human embryonic kidney cells (HEK), permanently transfected with an expression vector containing the full-length cDNA coding for the desired human sodium channel alpha -subunit, grown in culture media containing 10% FBS, 1% PSG, and 0.5 mg/mL G418 at 37 C. with 5% CO2. HEK cells used for the electrophysiology (EP) recordings had a passage number of less than 40 for all studies and were used within three days from the time of plating.
Radioligand Binding Assay: Radioligand Binding Studies: Saturation experiments. A representative compound of formula (I) was tritiated. Three tritiums were incorporated in place of methyl hydrogens to generate [3H]compound. Binding of this radioligand was preformed in 5 mL borosilicate glass test tubes at room temperature. Binding was initiated by adding membranes to increasing concentrations of [3H]compound in 100 mM NaCl, 20 mM Tris HCl, pH 7.4 buffer containing 0.01% w/v bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 18 h. Non-specific binding was determined in the presence of 1 uM unlabelled compound. After 18 h, the reactants were filtered through GF/C glass fiber filters presoaked in 0.5% w/v polyethylene imine. Filters were washed with 15 mL ice cold 100 mM NaCl, 20 mM Tris HCl, pH7.4 buffer containing 0.25% BSA to separate bound from free ligand. [3H]compound bound to filters was quantified by liquid scintillation counting.Competitive binding experiments.
Electrophysiological Assay: Patch voltage clamp electrophysiology allows for the direct measurement and quantification of block of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV's), and allows the determination of the time- and voltage-dependence of block which has been interpreted as differential binding to the resting, open, and inactivated states of the sodium channel (Hille, B., Journal of General Physiology (1977), 69: 497-515).The following patch voltage clamp electrophysiology studies were performed on representative compounds of the invention using human embryonic kidney cells (HEK), permanently transfected with an expression vector containing the full-length cDNA coding for the desired human sodium channel alpha -subunit, grown in culture media containing 10% FBS, 1% PSG, and 0.5 mg/mL G418 at 37 C. with 5% CO2. HEK cells used for the electrophysiology (EP) recordings had a passage number of less than 40 for all studies and were used within three days from the time of plating.
Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for inhibition of human Nav1.1 expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay to IC50 for inhibition of human Nav1.7 expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay
Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for inhibition of human Nav1.2 expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay to IC50 for inhibition of human Nav1.7 expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay
Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for inhibition of human Nav1.5 expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay to IC50 for inhibition of human Nav1.7 expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay
Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for inhibition of human Nav1.6 expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay to IC50 for inhibition of human Nav1.7 expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay