SPR Competitive Binding Assay: SPR interaction analyses were performed with a Biacore 2000, using Biacore 2000 Control Software v3.2 and BIAevaluation v4.1 analysis software (Biacore) as described in Mol Cancer Ther 7:2621 (2008). For the competitive binding assays and the Ki determination, PtdIns(3,4,5)phosphate-biotin labeled liposomes (Echelon Biosciences) and SA chips were used with increasing concentrations of the compound tested.
Cellular Assay: Inhibition of AKT was measured by Western blots using specific antibodies against phospho-Ser473-AKT in HT-29 lung cancer cells. Inhibition of the phosphorylation of AKT and its downstream targets was measured by Western blotting using rabbit polyclonal antibodies to phospho-Ser473-AKT, phospho-Thr308-AKT, total-AKT, phospho-Ser9-GSK3β, phospho-Ser21-GSK3β, phospho-Ser241-PDK1 and phospho-Thr389p70S6-kinase (New England Biolabs/Cell Signaling Technology Inc.) using β-Actin as a loading control as described in Mol Cancer Ther 7:2621 (2008). Bands corresponding to phospho-Ser473-AKT and total AKT were quantified using Eagle Eye software (BioRad) and Kodak X-Omat™ Blue XB (NEN™, Life Science Products). Cell growth inhibition was determined using a microcytotoxicity assay and apoptosis was measured as described in Mol Cancer Ther 7:2621 (2008).
Inhibition of HGF-induced IRS1 phosphorylation in human T47D cells assessed as pSer312 IRS1/total-IRS1 ratio level at 20 uM pre-incubated for 4 hrs before stimulation with HGF for 20 mins (Rvb = 100 +/- 0.02%)