Click Here for 5% Off Your First Aladdin Purchase!

Kynurenic acid - 97%, high purity , CAS No.492-27-3, Agonist of GPR35

  • Moligand™
  • ≥97%
Item Number
K120012
Grouped product items
SKUSizeAvailabilityPrice Qty
K120012-250mg
250mg
In stock
$14.90
K120012-1g
1g
In stock
$44.90
K120012-5g
5g
In stock
$119.90
K120012-25g
25g
In stock
$538.90

Endogenous ionotropic / nicotinic antagonist

View related series
GPR35 Agonist

Basic Description

Synonymskynurenic acid|4-Hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid|492-27-3|13593-94-7|4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-2-carboxylic acid|Kynurenate|Transtorine|Quinurenic acid|4-Hydroxyquinaldic acid|4-Hydroxy-2-quinolincarboxylic acid|Kinurenic acid|Kynuronic acid|1,4-Dihyd
Specifications & PurityMoligand™, ≥97%
Biochemical and Physiological MechanismsKynurenic acid (KynA) is a non-selective antagonist of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA),α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and kainate receptors. It blocks kainic acid neurotoxicity. Kynurenic acid also blocks nicotinic acetylcholine r
Storage TempStore at 2-8°C
Shipped InWet ice
GradeMoligand™
Action TypeAGONIST
Mechanism of actionAgonist of GPR35
NoteWherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20°C. Generally, these will be useable for up to one month. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour. Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please visit our frequently asked questions (FAQ) page for more details.
Product Description

Product Introduction

Kynurenic acid is a metabolite of tryptophan in mammals via the kynurenine pathway. Studies have observed that Kynurenic acid acts as a ligand to the GPR35 G protein-coupled receptor. The binding of Kynurenic acid to GPR35 has been noted to affect calcium mobilization and inositol phosphatase synthesis and may indicate potential signaling functions by Kynurenic acid via the GPR35 receptor. Additionally reported to be a broad spectrum, excitatory amino acid (EAA) antagonist. Other studies have reported that Kynurenic acid acts as an antagonist to mammalian ionotropic glutamate receptors especially NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors).Kynurenic acid is an inhibitor of AChR α7, GluR and GlyR.


Product Usage

An antagonist of NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptors
Kynurenic acid has been used as a constituent in dissection saline solution for embryonic cerebral cortical cells[7] and human primary astrocytes. It has also been used as a medium supplement for murine intestinal epithelial cell line, MODE-K and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons cells.

Associated Targets

CYP1A2 Tchem Cytochrome P450 1A2 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

CYP2D6 Tclin Cytochrome P450 2D6 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

CYP2C19 Tchem Cytochrome P450 2C19 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

CYP3A4 Tclin Cytochrome P450 3A4 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

GPR35 Tchem G-protein coupled receptor 35 2 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

GABRA1 Tclin Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

EHMT2 Tchem Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT2 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

CBX1 Tbio Chromobox protein homolog 1 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

CYP2C9 Tchem Cytochrome P450 2C9 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

GMNN Tbio Geminin 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

SLC17A8 Tbio Vesicular glutamate transporter 3 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

HSD17B10 Tchem 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

KMT2A Tchem Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

HDAC6 Tclin Histone deacetylase 6 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

NGFR Tclin Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

SLCO1B1 Tchem Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

SLCO1B3 Tchem Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

POLK Tbio DNA polymerase kappa 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

HPGD Tchem 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

GAA Tclin Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

BAZ2B Tchem Bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain protein 2B 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

TDP1 Tchem Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

CHRNA7 Tchem Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 1 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

APEX1 Tchem DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

GLA Tclin Alpha-galactosidase A 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

CHRM1 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

AHR Tclin Aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

ALDH1A1 Tchem Retinal dehydrogenase 1 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

GRIA3 Tclin Glutamate receptor 3 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

GRIK2 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 2 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

GRIN3A Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

GRIN1 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

KDM4A Tchem Lysine-specific demethylase 4A 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

KDM4E Tchem Lysine-specific demethylase 4E 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

MAPK1 Tchem Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

SLC17A1 Tbio Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 1 0 Activities

Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)

Names and Identifiers

IUPAC Name 4-oxo-1H-quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
INCHI InChI=1S/C10H7NO3/c12-9-5-8(10(13)14)11-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9/h1-5H,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)
InChi Key HCZHHEIFKROPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C=C(N2)C(=O)O
Isomeric SMILES C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C=C(N2)C(=O)O
WGK Germany 3
RTECS VB2080000
Alternate CAS 492-27-3
PubChem CID 3845
Molecular Weight 189.17
Beilstein 147451
Reaxy-Rn 147451

Certificates

Certificate of Analysis(COA)

Enter Lot Number to search for COA:

To view the certificate results,please click on a Lot number.For Lot numbers from past orders,please use our order status section

9 results found

Lot NumberCertificate TypeDateItem
I2207837Certificate of AnalysisSep 16, 2022 K120012
I2207839Certificate of AnalysisSep 15, 2022 K120012
I2207840Certificate of AnalysisSep 15, 2022 K120012
I2207841Certificate of AnalysisSep 15, 2022 K120012
H2413049Certificate of AnalysisAug 04, 2022 K120012
K2208219Certificate of AnalysisAug 04, 2022 K120012
K2208222Certificate of AnalysisAug 04, 2022 K120012
K2208223Certificate of AnalysisAug 04, 2022 K120012
K2208224Certificate of AnalysisAug 04, 2022 K120012

Chemical and Physical Properties

SolubilitySoluble in water (partly), hot alcohol, DMSO (75 mM), 0.1 M NaOH (50 mg/ml), and methanol.
Melt Point(°C)275°C

Safety and Hazards(GHS)

Pictogram(s) GHS07
Signal Warning
Hazard Statements

H315:Causes skin irritation

H319:Causes serious eye irritation

H335:May cause respiratory irritation

Precautionary Statements

P305+P351+P338:IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do - continue rinsing.

P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P302+P352:IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of water.

P321:Specific treatment (see ... on this label).

P501:Dispose of contents/container to ...

P264:Wash hands [and …] thoroughly after handling.

P362:Take off contaminated clothing.

P270:Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P337+P313:IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.

P332+P313:IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.

P330:Rinse mouth.

P301+P312:IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER/doctor/... IF you feel unwell.

WGK Germany 3
RTECS VB2080000
Reaxy-Rn 147451
Merck Index 5327

Related Documents

References

1. Wang J, Simonavicius N, Wu X, Swaminath G, Reagan J, Tian H, Ling L.  (2006)  Kynurenic acid as a ligand for orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35..  J Biol Chem,  281  (31): (22021-8).  [PMID:16754668]
2. Moroni F, Cozzi A, Sili M, Mannaioni G.  (2012)  Kynurenic acid: a metabolite with multiple actions and multiple targets in brain and periphery..  J Neural Transm (Vienna),  119  (2): (133-9).  [PMID:22215208]
3. Wirthgen E, Hoeflich A.  (2015)  Endotoxin-Induced Tryptophan Degradation along the Kynurenine Pathway: The Role of Indolamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Immunosuppressive Effects in Endotoxin Tolerance and Cancer and Its Implications for Immunoparalysis..  J Amino Acids,  2015  (3): (973548).  [PMID:26881062]
4. Atterbury A & Wall MJ.  (2011)  A population of immature cerebellar parallel fibre synapses are insensitive to adenosine but are inhibited by hypoxia..  Neuropharmacology,  61  (4): (880-8).  [PMID:21693125]
5. Wu PY et al..  (2013)  Acid-sensing ion channel-1a is not required for normal hippocampal LTP and spatial memory..  J Neurosci,  33  (5): (1828-32).  [PMID:23365222]
6. Losi G et al..  (2010)  A new experimental model of focal seizures in the entorhinal cortex..  Epilepsia,  51  (8): (1493-502).  [PMID:20067512]
7. Atterbury A & Wall MJ.  (2009)  Adenosine signalling at immature parallel fibre-Purkinje cell synapses in rat cerebellum..  J Physiol,  587  (Pt 18): (4497-508).  [PMID:19651764]
8. Christian CA & Huguenard JR.  (2013)  Astrocytes potentiate GABAergic transmission in the thalamic reticular nucleus via endozepine signaling..  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,  110  (50): (20278-83).  [PMID:24262146]
9. Pleil KE et al..  (2012)  Chronic stress alters neuropeptide Y signaling in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in DBA/2J but not C57BL/6J mice..  Neuropharmacology,  62  (4): (1777-86).  [PMID:22182779]
10. Kupchik YM et al..  (2014)  Cocaine dysregulates opioid gating of GABA neurotransmission in the ventral pallidum..  J Neurosci,  34  (3): (1057-66).  [PMID:24431463]
11. Rudolph S et al..  (2011)  Desynchronization of multivesicular release enhances Purkinje cell output..  Neuron,  70  (5): (991-1004).  [PMID:21658590]
12. Barnes JL et al..  (2020)  Developmentally Transient CB1Rs on Cerebellar Afferents Suppress Afferent Input, Downstream Synaptic Excitation, and Signaling to Migrating Neurons..  J Neurosci,  40  (32): (6133-6145).  [PMID:32631938]
13. Giesbrecht CJ et al..  (2010)  Countervailing modulation of Ih by neuropeptide Y and corticotrophin-releasing factor in basolateral amygdala as a possible mechanism for their effects on stress-related behaviors..  J Neurosci,  30  (50): (16970-82).  [PMID:21159967]
14. Perin M et al..  (2014)  Diurnal inhibition of NMDA-EPSCs at rat hippocampal mossy fibre synapses through orexin-2 receptors..  J Physiol,  592  (Pt 19): (4277-95).  [PMID:25085886]
15. Gunn BG et al..  (2013)  Dysfunctional astrocytic and synaptic regulation of hypothalamic glutamatergic transmission in a mouse model of early-life adversity: relevance to neurosteroids and programming of the stress response..  J Neurosci,  33  (50): (19534-54).  [PMID:24336719]
16. Grauert A et al..  (2014)  Endogenous zinc depresses GABAergic transmission via T-type Ca(2+) channels and broadens the time window for integration of glutamatergic inputs in dentate granule cells..  J Physiol,  592  (Pt 1): (67-86).  [PMID:24081159]
17. Hiu T et al..  (2016)  Enhanced phasic GABA inhibition during the repair phase of stroke: a novel therapeutic target..  Brain,  139  (Pt 2): (468-80).  [PMID:26685158]
18. Heubl M et al..  (2017)  GABAA receptor dependent synaptic inhibition rapidly tunes KCC2 activity via the Cl--sensitive WNK1 kinase..  Nat Commun,  (1776).  [PMID:29176664]
19. Zarnowska ED et al..  (2015)  Etomidate blocks LTP and impairs learning but does not enhance tonic inhibition in mice carrying the N265M point mutation in the beta3 subunit of the GABA(A) receptor..  Neuropharmacology,  93  (171-178).  [PMID:25680234]
20. Adrover MF et al..  (2014)  Glutamate and dopamine transmission from midbrain dopamine neurons share similar release properties but are differentially affected by cocaine..  J Neurosci,  34  (9): (3183-92).  [PMID:24573277]
21. Félix-Oliveira A et al..  (2014)  Homeostatic plasticity induced by brief activity deprivation enhances long-term potentiation in the mature rat hippocampus..  J Neurophysiol,  112  (11): (3012-22).  [PMID:25210161]
22. Jin Z et al..  (2011)  Insulin reduces neuronal excitability by turning on GABA(A) channels that generate tonic current..  PLoS One,  (e16188).  [PMID:21264261]
23. Gómez-Gonzalo M et al..  (2011)  Ictal but not interictal epileptic discharges activate astrocyte endfeet and elicit cerebral arteriole responses..  Front Cell Neurosci,  (8).  [PMID:21747758]
24. Shin JH et al..  (2015)  Muscarinic regulation of dopamine and glutamate transmission in the nucleus accumbens..  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,  112  (26): (8124-9).  [PMID:26080439]
25. Kaplan JS et al..  (2013)  Opposite actions of alcohol on tonic GABAA receptor currents mediated by nNOS and PKC activity..  Nat Neurosci,  16  (12): (1783-93).  [PMID:24162656]
26. Atanasova M et al..  (2013)  Strain-dependent effects of long-term treatment with melatonin on kainic acid-induced status epilepticus, oxidative stress and the expression of heat shock proteins..  Pharmacol Biochem Behav,  111  (44-50).  [PMID:23978502]
27. Bock R et al..  (2013)  Strengthening the accumbal indirect pathway promotes resilience to compulsive cocaine use..  Nat Neurosci,  16  (5): (632-8).  [PMID:23542690]
28. Klyuch BP et al..  (2011)  The dynamics of single spike-evoked adenosine release in the cerebellum..  J Physiol,  589  (Pt 2): (283-95).  [PMID:21078589]
29. Huang L & van Luijtelaar G.  (2013)  The effects of responsive and scheduled subicular high frequency stimulation in the intra-hippocampal kainic acid seizure model..  Epilepsy Res,  106  (3): (326-37).  [PMID:23899954]
30. Maguire EP et al..  (2014)  Tonic inhibition of accumbal spiny neurons by extrasynaptic a4ßd GABAA receptors modulates the actions of psychostimulants..  J Neurosci,  34  (3): (823-38).  [PMID:24431441]

Solution Calculators