Pachymic acid is a lanostrane-type triterpenoid from P. cocos . Pachymic acid inhibits Akt and ERK signaling pathways.
In Vitro
Pachymic acid (PA) is able to inhibit gallbladder cancer tumorigenesis involving affection of Akt and ERK signaling pathways. Pachymic acid (PA) treatment significantly inhibits Rho A, Akt and ERK pathway in gallbladder carcinoma cells. Pachymic acid (PA) treatment can dose-dependently downregulate PCNA, ICAM-1, RhoA, p-Akt and pERK. Cell growth is inhibited by 10 µg/mL Pachymic acid (PA) 12 h after treatment, and a concentration of 30 µg/mL further reduced cell growth. The growth of cells is suppressed in a time- and dose-dependent manner. After 48 h treatment, about 25%, 40% and 70% of the cell growth are inhibited by Pachymic acid (PA) at concentration of 10 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL and 30 µg/mL, respectively. Pachymic acid (PA) also inhibits the growth of gallbladder carcinoma cells in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
In Vivo
To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of Pachymic acid (PA) in vivo, human lung cancer NCI-H23 tumor xenograft models are used. Pachymic acid (PA) significantly suppresses tumor growth at doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg for 21 days compared with the control group. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal administration
Mice Female athymic nude mice of 4-5 weeks of age are used. Exponentially growing NCI-H23 cells (5×10 6 in 100 µL PBS) are injected subcutaneously in the right flank of each mouse. Tumor xenografts are allowed to grow to an average size of 100-200 mm 3 and are randomly assigned to four different treatment groups (six mice per group): (a) vehicle control (0.1% DMSO in physiological saline); (b) Pachymic acid (PA) 10 mg/kg; (c) PA 30 mg/kg; (Dd) PA 60 mg/kg. The mice are administered PA via intraperitoneal (ip) injections for 3 weeks (5 days/week). Tumor size is measured on two axes with the aid of Vernier calipers and tumor volume (mm 3 ) is calculated. aladdin has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.