Recombinant Human TNF-α Protein, >95% (SDS-PAGE), high purity

Features and benefits
  • Expression System: E. coli
  • Protein Tag: N-His
  • Bioactivity: Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L‑929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED50 for this effect is 20-100 pg/mL.
  • Endotoxin Concentration: <1.0 EU/μg
Item Number
rp156007
Grouped product items
SKUSizeAvailabilityPrice Qty
rp156007-10μg (Trial Size)
Apply for free trial size(?)
Every year, as a valued customer, you have the exclusive opportunity to explore and enjoy three different trial products of your choice, absolutely free!
10μg
In stock
$99.90
rp156007-50μg
50μg
In stock
$259.90
rp156007-100μg
100μg
In stock
$379.90
rp156007-1mg
1mg
In stock
$1,999.90

Carrier Free, >95% (SDS-PAGE), Active, E.coli, His tag, 78-233 aa

Basic Description

Product NameRecombinant Human TNF-α Protein, >95% (SDS-PAGE), high purity
SynonymsCachectin | TNF-a | TNF-alpha | Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2 | APC1 | APC1 protein | Cachectin | DIF | Differentiation inducing factor | Macrophage cytotoxic factor | Tnf | TNF superfamily member 2 | TNF superfamily, member 2 | TNF, m
GradeActiBioPure™, Azide Free, Bioactive, Carrier Free, High Performance
Product Description

Purity:>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining
Description:
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, immune system development, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism. Human TNF-alpha consists of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 177 aa extracellular domain (ECD). Within the ECD, human TNF-alpha shares 97% aa sequence identity with rhesus and 71%-92% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, mouse, porcine, and rat TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune, epithelial, endothelial, and tumor cells. TNF-alpha is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer which is expressed on the cell surface. Cell surface TNF-alpha can induce the lysis of neighboring tumor cells and virus-infected cells, and it can generate its own downstream cell signaling following ligation by soluble TNFR I. Shedding of membrane-bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases the bioactive cytokine, a 55 kDa soluble trimer of the TNF-alpha extracellular domain. TNF-alpha binds the ubiquitous 55-60 kDa TNF RI and the hematopoietic cell-restricted 80 kDa TNF RII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers. Both type I and type II receptors bind TNF-alpha with comparable affinity, although only TNF RI contains a cytoplasmic death domain which triggers the activation of apoptosis. Soluble forms of both types of receptors are released and can neutralize the biological activity of TNF-alpha.

Specifications & PurityActiBioPure™, Bioactive, Carrier Free, Azide Free, High performance, ≥95%(SDS-PAGE)
Purity>95% (SDS-PAGE)
BioactivityMeasured in a cytotoxicity assay using L‑929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED50 for this effect is 20-100 pg/mL.
Endotoxin Concentration<1.0 EU/μg
Expression SystemE. coli
Amino Acids78-233 aa
SequenceMGSSHHHHHHSSGLVPRGSHMRSSSRTPSDKPVAHVVANPQAEGQLQWLNRRANALLANGVELRDNQLVVPSEGLYLIYSQVLFKGQGCPSTHVLLTHTISRIAVSYQTKVNLLSAIKSPCQRETPEGAEAKPWYEPIYLGGVFQLEKGDRLSAEINRPDYLDFAESGQVYFGIIAL
Protein TagN-His
Predicted molecular weight19.5 kDa
SDS-PAGE17.6 kDa, under reducing conditions;17.6 kDa, under non-reducing condition

Images

Recombinant Human TNF-α Protein (rp156007) - Protein Bioactivity
Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L‑929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 20-100 pg/mL.

Recombinant Human TNF-α Protein (rp156007) - SDS-PAGE
1.5 μg/lane of Recombinant Human TNF-α Protein was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (N) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing a band at 17.6 kDa.

Product Specifications

FormLyophilized
ReconstitutionWe recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile distilled water. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20 °C. Further dilu
Storage TempStore at -20°C,Avoid repeated freezing and thawing
Shipped InIce chest + Ice pads
Stability And StorageStore at -20°C stable up to 1 year. Avoid freeze / thaw cycle.

Certificates

Certificate of Analysis(COA)

Enter Lot Number to search for COA:

Find and download the COA for your product by matching the lot number on the packaging.

5 results found

Lot NumberCertificate TypeDateItem
ZJ24F0303065Certificate of AnalysisMar 08, 2024 rp156007
ZJ24F0303064Certificate of AnalysisMar 08, 2024 rp156007
ZJ24F0303063Certificate of AnalysisMar 08, 2024 rp156007
ZJ24F0303062Certificate of AnalysisMar 08, 2024 rp156007
ZJ24R0200299Certificate of AnalysisFeb 29, 2024 rp156007

Related Documents

References

1. Regan J, Capolino A, Cirillo PF, Gilmore T, Graham AG, Hickey E, Kroe RR, Madwed J, Moriak M, Nelson R, Pargellis CA, Swinamer A, Torcellini C, Tsang M, Moss N..  (2003)  Structure-activity relationships of the p38alpha MAP kinase inhibitor 1-(5-tert-butyl-2-p-tolyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)-3-[4-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)naph- thalen-1-yl]urea (BIRB 796)..  J Med Chem,  46  (22): (4676-4686).  [PMID:14561087] [10.1021/jm030121k]
2. Ichiyama T, Kajimoto M, Hasegawa M, Hashimoto K, Matsubara T, Furukawa S.  (2007)  Cysteinyl leukotrienes enhance tumour necrosis factor-alpha-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 in human monocytes/macrophages..  Clin Exp Allergy,  37  (4): (608-14).  [PMID:17430359] [10.1021/op500134e]
3. Hong Jiang,Saba Khan,Yi Wang,Guillaume Charron,Bin He,Carlos Sebastian,Jintang Du,Ray Kim,Eva Ge,Raul Mostoslavsky,Howard C Hang,Quan Hao,Hening Lin.  (2013-04-05)  SIRT6 regulates TNF-α secretion through hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acyl lysine..  Nature,  496  ((7443)): (110-113).  [PMID:23552949]
4. Jin J, Teng P, Liu HL, Wu J, Liu YM, Xu Q, Li JX..  (2013)  Microfluidics assisted synthesis and bioevaluation of sinomenine derivatives as antiinflammatory agents..  Eur J Med Chem,  62  (280-288).  [PMID:23357309] [10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.12.051]
5. Chen L, Du J, Dai Q, Zhang H, Pang W, Hu J..  (2014)  Prediction of anti-tumor chemical probes of a traditional Chinese medicine formula by HPLC fingerprinting combined with molecular docking..  Eur J Med Chem,  83  (294-306).  [PMID:24974349] [10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.037]
6. Shen Q, Chen J, Wang Q, Deng X, Liu Y, Lai L..  (2014)  Discovery of highly potent TNFα inhibitors using virtual screen..  Eur J Med Chem,  85  (119-126).  [PMID:25078315] [10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.091]
7. Kedei N, Kraft MB, Keck GE, Herald CL, Melody N, Pettit GR, Blumberg PM..  (2015)  Neristatin 1 provides critical insight into bryostatin 1 structure-function relationships..  J Nat Prod,  78  (4): (896-900).  [PMID:25808573] [10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00094]
8. Jiang B, Pei D..  (2015)  A Selective, Cell-Permeable Nonphosphorylated Bicyclic Peptidyl Inhibitor against Peptidyl-Prolyl Isomerase Pin1..  J Med Chem,  58  (15): (6306-6312).  [PMID:26196061] [10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00411]
9. Wang S, Yang J, Li X, Liu Z, Wu Y, Si G, Tao Y, Zhao N, Hu X, Ma Y, Liu G..  (2017)  Discovery of 1,4-Benzodiazepine-2,5-dione (BZD) Derivatives as Dual Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1/2 (NOD1/NOD2) Antagonists Sensitizing Paclitaxel (PTX) To Suppress Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) Growth in Vivo..  J Med Chem,  60  (12): (5162-5192).  [PMID:28541685] [10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00608]
10. Kadayat TM, Banskota S, Bist G, Gurung P, Magar TBT, Shrestha A, Kim JA, Lee ES..  (2018)  Synthesis and biological evaluation of pyridine-linked indanone derivatives: Potential agents for inflammatory bowel disease..  Bioorg Med Chem Lett,  28  (14): (2436-2441).  [PMID:29910080] [10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.06.012]
11. Pandit SS, Kulkarni MR, Pandit YB, Lad NP, Khedkar VM..  (2018)  Synthesis and in vitro evaluations of 6-(hetero)-aryl-imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-3-sulfonamide's as an inhibitor of TNF-α production..  Bioorg Med Chem Lett,  28  (1): (24-30).  [PMID:29173945] [10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.11.026]
12. Park SW, Banskota S, Gurung P, Jin YJ, Kang HE, Chaudhary CL, Lee SY, Jeong BS, Kim JA, Nam TG..  (2018)  Synthesis and evaluation of 6-heteroarylamino-2,4,5-trimethylpyridin-3-ols as inhibitors of TNF-α-induced cell adhesion and inflammatory bowel disease..  Medchemcomm,  (8): (1305-1310).  [PMID:30151084] [10.1039/C8MD00156A]
13. Jiang M, Peng L, Yang K, Wang T, Yan X, Jiang T, Xu J, Qi J, Zhou H, Qian N, Zhou Q, Chen B, Xu X, Deng L, Yang C..  (2019)  Development of Small-Molecules Targeting Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand (RANKL)-Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB (RANK) Protein-Protein Interaction by Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Hit Optimization..  J Med Chem,  62  (11): (5370-5381).  [PMID:31082234] [10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b02027]
14. Xiao HY,Li N,Duan JJ,Jiang B,Lu Z,Ngu K,Tino J,Kopcho LM,Lu H,Chen J,Tebben AJ,Sheriff S,Chang CY,Yanchunas J,Calambur D,Gao M,Shuster DJ,Susulic V,Xie JH,Guarino VR,Wu DR,Gregor KR,Goldstine CB,Hynes J,Macor JE,Salter-Cid L,Burke JR,Shaw PJ,Dhar TGM.  (2020)  Biologic-like In Vivo Efficacy with Small Molecule Inhibitors of TNFα Identified Using Scaffold Hopping and Structure-Based Drug Design Approaches..  J Med Chem,  63  (23): (15050-15071).  [PMID:33261314] [10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01732]
15. Stevenson, F T FT, Bursten, S L SL, Locksley, R M RM and Lovett, D H DH..  (1992)  Myristyl acylation of the tumor necrosis factor alpha precursor on specific lysine residues..  The Journal of experimental medicine,    (1):   [PMID:1402651]
16. Jones, E Y EY, Stuart, D I DI and Walker, N P NP..  (1990)  The structure of tumour necrosis factor--implications for biological function..  Journal of cell science. Supplement,      [PMID:1964681]
17. Van Ostade, X X, Tavernier, J J, Prangé, T T and Fiers, W W..  (1991)  Localization of the active site of human tumour necrosis factor (hTNF) by mutational analysis..  The EMBO journal,      [PMID:2009860]
18. Eck, M J MJ and Sprang, S R SR..  (1989)  The structure of tumor necrosis factor-alpha at 2.6 A resolution. Implications for receptor binding..  The Journal of biological chemistry,    (15):   [PMID:2551905]
19. Jones, E Y EY, Stuart, D I DI and Walker, N P NP..  (1989)  Structure of tumour necrosis factor..  Nature,    (16):   [PMID:2922050]
20. Nedwin, G E GE and 7 more authors..  (1985)  Human lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor genes: structure, homology and chromosomal localization..  Nucleic acids research,    (11):   [PMID:2995927]
21. Nedospasov, S A SA and 9 more authors..  (1986)  Tandem arrangement of genes coding for tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and lymphotoxin (TNF-beta) in the human genome..  Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology,      [PMID:3555974]
22. Wang, A M AM and 7 more authors..  (1985)  Molecular cloning of the complementary DNA for human tumor necrosis factor..  Science (New York, N.Y.),    (12):   [PMID:3856324]
23. Shirai, T T, Yamaguchi, H H, Ito, H H, Todd, C W CW and Wallace, R B RB..  (1985)  Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene for human tumour necrosis factor..  Nature,      [PMID:3883195]
24. Marmenout, A A and 9 more authors..  (1985)  Molecular cloning and expression of human tumor necrosis factor and comparison with mouse tumor necrosis factor..  European journal of biochemistry,    (4):   [PMID:3932069]
25. Pennica, D D and 8 more authors..  (1984)  Human tumour necrosis factor: precursor structure, expression and homology to lymphotoxin..  Nature,      [PMID:6392892]
26. Iris, F J FJ and 9 more authors..  (1993)  Dense Alu clustering and a potential new member of the NF kappa B family within a 90 kilobase HLA class III segment..  Nature genetics,      [PMID:8499947]
27. Pócsik, E E, Duda, E E and Wallach, D D..  (1995)  Phosphorylation of the 26 kDa TNF precursor in monocytic cells and in transfected HeLa cells..  Journal of inflammation,      [PMID:8597870]
28. Moss, M L ML and 24 more authors..  (1997)  Cloning of a disintegrin metalloproteinase that processes precursor tumour-necrosis factor-alpha..  Nature,    (20):   [PMID:9034191]
29. Cha, S S SS and 8 more authors..  (1998)  High resolution crystal structure of a human tumor necrosis factor-alpha mutant with low systemic toxicity..  The Journal of biological chemistry,    (23):   [PMID:9442056]
30. Reed, C C and 6 more authors..  (1997)  Crystal structure of TNF-alpha mutant R31D with greater affinity for receptor R1 compared with R2..  Protein engineering,      [PMID:9488135]
31. Neville, M J MJ and Campbell, R D RD..  (1999)  A new member of the Ig superfamily and a V-ATPase G subunit are among the predicted products of novel genes close to the TNF locus in the human MHC..  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950),    (15):   [PMID:10202016]
32. Leker, R R RR, Shohami, E E, Abramsky, O O and Ovadia, H H..  (1999)  Dexanabinol; a novel neuroprotective drug in experimental focal cerebral ischemia..  Journal of the neurological sciences,    (15):   [PMID:10202976]
33. Watts, A D AD and 6 more authors..  (1999)  A casein kinase I motif present in the cytoplasmic domain of members of the tumour necrosis factor ligand family is implicated in 'reverse signalling'..  The EMBO journal,    (15):   [PMID:10205166]
34. Park, Y C YC, Burkitt, V V, Villa, A R AR, Tong, L L and Wu, H H..  (1999)  Structural basis for self-association and receptor recognition of human TRAF2..  Nature,    (8):   [PMID:10206649]
35. Sandborn, W J WJ and Hanauer, S B SB..  (1999)  Antitumor necrosis factor therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a review of agents, pharmacology, clinical results, and safety..  Inflammatory bowel diseases,      [PMID:10338381]
36. Knight, J C JC and 6 more authors..  (1999)  A polymorphism that affects OCT-1 binding to the TNF promoter region is associated with severe malaria..  Nature genetics,      [PMID:10369255]
37. and Moreland, L W LW..  (1999)  Inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor: new treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis..  Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine,      [PMID:10375846]
38. and Calabrese, L H LH..  (1999)  Rheumatoid arthritis and primary care: the case for early diagnosis and treatment..  The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association,      [PMID:10405518]
39. Bergman, M R MR, Kao, R H RH, McCune, S A SA and Holycross, B J BJ..  (1999)  Myocardial tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion in hypertensive and heart failure-prone rats..  The American journal of physiology,      [PMID:10444479]
40. and Vincent, J L JL..  (2000)  Afelimomab..  International journal of clinical practice,      [PMID:10829362]
41. and Yoshimura, T T..  (2000)  [Modulation of cytokine production from human mononuclear cells by several agents]..  Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan,      [PMID:11193379]
42. Marx, Degenhard D, Tassabehji, Mahmoud M, Heer, Sabine S, Hüttenbrink, K-B KB and Szelenyi, Istvan I..  (2002)  Modulation of TNF and GM-CSF release from dispersed human nasal polyp cells and human whole blood by inhibitors of different PDE isoenzymes and glucocorticoids..  Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics,      [PMID:11969359]
43. and Lorenz, Hanns M HM..  (2002)  Technology evaluation: adalimumab, Abbott laboratories..  Current opinion in molecular therapeutics,      [PMID:12044041]
44. Richardson, P P, Hideshima, T T and Anderson, K K..  (2002)  Thalidomide in multiple myeloma..  Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie,      [PMID:12046682]
45. Fu, L M LM and Fu-Liu, C S CS..  (2002)  Thalidomide and tuberculosis..  The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease,      [PMID:12102294]
46. Maini, Ravinder N RN and Feldmann, Marc M..  (2002)  How does infliximab work in rheumatoid arthritis?.  Arthritis research,      [PMID:12110154]
47. and Rajkumar, S V SV..  (2001)  Thalidomide in the treatment of multiple myeloma..  Expert review of anticancer therapy,      [PMID:12113124]
48. Vescovo, Giorgio G and 6 more authors..  (2002)  Effect of thalidomide on the skeletal muscle in experimental heart failure..  European journal of heart failure,      [PMID:12167383]
49. Nakahara, Hideko H and 6 more authors..  (2003)  Anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody therapy reduces vascular endothelial growth factor production in rheumatoid arthritis..  Arthritis and rheumatism,      [PMID:12794819]
50. Tomari, S S and 8 more authors..  (2003)  Pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist, attenuates allergen-specific tumour necrosis factor alpha production and nuclear factor kappa B nuclear translocation in peripheral blood monocytes from atopic asthmatics..  Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology,      [PMID:12801315]
51. Ichiyama, T T and 5 more authors..  (2003)  Pranlukast inhibits NF-kappa B activation in human monocytes/macrophages and T cells..  Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology,      [PMID:12801316]
52. Kim, Yoon Jun YJ and 7 more authors..  (2003)  Association of TNF-alpha promoter polymorphisms with the clearance of hepatitis B virus infection..  Human molecular genetics,    (1):   [PMID:12915457]
53. Flendrie, M M, Creemers, M C W MC, Welsing, P M J PM, den Broeder, A A AA and van Riel, P L C M PL..  (2003)  Survival during treatment with tumour necrosis factor blocking agents in rheumatoid arthritis..  Annals of the rheumatic diseases,      [PMID:14532145]
54. Xie, Tao T and 7 more authors..  (2003)  Analysis of the gene-dense major histocompatibility complex class III region and its comparison to mouse..  Genome research,      [PMID:14656967]
55. Izeboud, C A CA and 6 more authors..  (2004)  Endotoxin-induced liver damage in rats is minimized by beta 2-adrenoceptor stimulation..  Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.],      [PMID:15021963]
56. Aguillón, Juan C JC and 11 more authors..  (2003)  [New immunological weapons for medicine in the 21st Century: biological therapy based on the use of the latest generation monoclonal antibodies]..  Revista medica de Chile,      [PMID:15022409]
57. Sapienza, Mark S MS, Cohen, Sidney S and Dimarino, Anthony J AJ..  (2004)  Treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with infliximab in Crohn's disease..  Digestive diseases and sciences,      [PMID:15481318]
58. Tobin, Anne-Marie AM and Kirby, Brian B..  (2005)  TNF alpha inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis..  BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy,      [PMID:15691217]
59. Shen, C C and 6 more authors..  (2005)  Adalimumab induces apoptosis of human monocytes: a comparative study with infliximab and etanercept..  Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics,    (1):   [PMID:15691299]
60. Popa, Calin C and 6 more authors..  (2005)  Cytokine production of stimulated whole blood cultures in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving short-term infliximab therapy..  Cytokine,    (21):   [PMID:15804598]
61. Braun, J J, Baraliakos, X X, Listing, J J and Sieper, J J..  (2005)  Decreased incidence of anterior uveitis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with the anti-tumor necrosis factor agents infliximab and etanercept..  Arthritis and rheumatism,      [PMID:16052578]
62. Jang, C-H CH, Choi, J-H JH, Byun, M-S MS and Jue, D-M DM..  (2006)  Chloroquine inhibits production of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human monocytes/macrophages by different modes..  Rheumatology (Oxford, England),      [PMID:16418198]
63. Danese, Silvio S and 10 more authors..  (2006)  TNF-alpha blockade down-regulates the CD40/CD40L pathway in the mucosal microcirculation: a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of infliximab in Crohn's disease..  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950),    (15):   [PMID:16456024]
64. Rachmilewitz, Daniel D and 5 more authors..  (2006)  Immunostimulatory oligonucleotides inhibit colonic proinflammatory cytokine production in ulcerative colitis..  Inflammatory bowel diseases,      [PMID:16670522]
65. Wozniacka, A A, Lesiak, A A, Narbutt, J J, McCauliffe, D P DP and Sysa-Jedrzejowska, A A..  (2006)  Chloroquine treatment influences proinflammatory cytokine levels in systemic lupus erythematosus patients..  Lupus,      [PMID:16761500]
66. Fluhrer, Regina R and 10 more authors..  (2006)  A gamma-secretase-like intramembrane cleavage of TNFalpha by the GxGD aspartyl protease SPPL2b..  Nature cell biology,      [PMID:16829951]
67. Friedmann, Elena E and 9 more authors..  (2006)  SPPL2a and SPPL2b promote intramembrane proteolysis of TNFalpha in activated dendritic cells to trigger IL-12 production..  Nature cell biology,      [PMID:16829952]
68. Dias-Melicio, Luciane Alarcão LA and 5 more authors..  (2007)  Chloroquine is therapeutic in murine experimental model of paracoccidioidomycosis..  FEMS immunology and medical microbiology,      [PMID:17456179]
69. and Mimura, Toshihide T..  (2007)  [Selection of one of the TNF blockers; infliximab and etanercept]..  Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine,      [PMID:17642244]
70. Mittal, Mohit M and Raychaudhuri, Siba P SP..  ()  Golimumab and certolizumab: the two new anti-tumor necrosis factor kids on the block..  Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology,      [PMID:21079302]
71. Fiebich, Bernd L BL and 6 more authors..  (2012)  Pseudoephedrine inhibits T-cell activation by targeting NF-κB, NFAT and AP-1 signaling pathways..  Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology,      [PMID:21631396]
72. Jinesh G, Goodwin G, Chunduru, Srinivas S and Kamat, Ashish M AM..  (2012)  Smac mimetic enables the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils through TNF-α but not through TRAIL and FasL..  Journal of leukocyte biology,      [PMID:22517918]
73. Nie, Hong H and 11 more authors..  (2013)  Phosphorylation of FOXP3 controls regulatory T cell function and is inhibited by TNF-α in rheumatoid arthritis..  Nature medicine,      [PMID:23396208]
74. Chimenti, Maria Sole MS and 5 more authors..  (2013)  Profile of certolizumab and its potential in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis..  Drug design, development and therapy,      [PMID:23620660]
75. Ma, Li L and 15 more authors..  (2014)  A novel small-molecule tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor attenuates inflammation in a hepatitis mouse model..  The Journal of biological chemistry,    (2):   [PMID:24634219]
76. Li, Jian-yuan; Cao, Hong-yan; Liu, Ping; Cheng, Gen-hong and Sun, Ming-yu..  (2014)  Glycyrrhizic acid in the treatment of liver diseases: literature review..  BioMed research international,      [PMID:24963489]
77. Corbett, Mark M and 10 more authors..  (2017)  Certolizumab pegol and secukinumab for treating active psoriatic arthritis following inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: a systematic review and economic evaluation..  Health technology assessment (Winchester, England),      [PMID:28976302]

Solution Calculators