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3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine - 10mM in DMSO, high purity , CAS No.28822-58-4

22 Citations
Item Number
I423008
Grouped product items
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I423008-1ml
1ml
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$49.90
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Non-specific cAMP and cGMP inhibitor

Basic Description

SynonymsIBMX | 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine | 28822-58-4 | isobutylmethylxanthine | Methylisobutylxanthine | 1-METHYL-3-ISOBUTYLXANTHINE | 1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1-methyl-3-(2-methylpropyl)- | 3-Isobutyl-1-methyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione | 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
Specifications & PurityMoligand™, 10mM in DMSO
Biochemical and Physiological MechanismsNon-specific cAMP and cGMP inhibitor
Storage TempStore at -80°C
Shipped InIce chest + Ice pads
GradeMoligand™
Product Description

IBMX is a widely-used non-specific inhibitor of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) phosphodiesterases (PDEs) (IC50 = 19, 50, 18, 13, 32, 7, and 50 μM for PDE1, PDE2, PDE3, PDE4, PDE5, PDE7, and PDE11, respectively). PDE8A, PDE8B, and PDE9 are insensitive to IBMX. By inhibiting PDEs, IBMX increases cellular cAMP and cGMP levels, activating cyclic-nucleotide-regulated protein kinases. Methylxanthines, including IBMX, caffeine, and theophylline, bind adenosine receptors,typically antagonizing the suppressive effects of natural agonists.
Non-specific inhibitor of cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterases. The increase in cAMP level as a result of phosphodiesterase inhibition by IBMX activates PKA leading to decreased proliferation, increased differentiation, and induction of apoptosis. IBMX inhibits phenylephrine-induced release of 5-hydroxytryptamine from neuroendocrine epithelial cells of the airway mucosa (IC50: 1.3 μM). Also serves as an adenosine receptor antagonist. Shown to inhibit ion channels in the neuromuscular junction, GH3 cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Induces calcium release from intracellular stores in sensory neurons.

Associated Targets(Human)

PDE3B Tclin cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B (1 Activities)
Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)
ADORA1 Tclin Adenosine receptor A1 (1 Activities)
Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)
PDE5A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 5A (5113 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
TSHR Tclin Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (29986 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADORA1 Tclin Adenosine A1 receptor (17603 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CACNA1C Tclin Voltage-gated L-type calcium channel alpha-1C subunit (766 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE3A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 3A (3309 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADORA2A Tclin Adenosine A2a receptor (16305 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE4B Tclin Phosphodiesterase 4B (2748 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CYP2D6 Tclin Cytochrome P450 2D6 (33882 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE3B Tclin Phosphodiesterase 3B (312 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GLP1R Tclin Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (111429 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE7A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 7A (1104 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CYP1A2 Tchem Cytochrome P450 1A2 (26471 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CYP2C9 Tchem Cytochrome P450 2C9 (32119 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CYP2C19 Tchem Cytochrome P450 2C19 (29246 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CYP3A4 Tclin Cytochrome P450 3A4 (53859 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE9A Tchem Phosphodiesterase 9A (1131 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HEK293 (82097 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Monocyte (474 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
KDM4A Tchem Lysine-specific demethylase 4A (52245 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Skin (286 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GMNN Tbio Geminin (128009 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SLCO1B1 Tchem Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (2672 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SLCO1B3 Tchem Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 (2517 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SLC16A3 Tchem Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (196 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE4A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 4 (3344 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE1A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 1 (671 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE4A Tclin Phosphodiesterase; PDE3 & PDE4 (301 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE7A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 7 (77 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADORA1 Tclin Adenosine receptor (26 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

Associated Targets(non-human)

PDE2A Phosphodiesterase 2A (77 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Pde4d Phosphodiesterase 4D (4 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Mapk1 MAP kinase ERK2 (650 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Pde8a Phosphodiesterase 8A (1 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Canis familiaris (36305 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Rattus norvegicus (775804 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
3T3-L1 (3664 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GCN5 Histone acetyltransferase GCN5 (89 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Adora2b Adenosine A2 receptor (1828 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Scn2a Sodium channel alpha subunits; brain (Types I, II, III) (344 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE1B Heart phosphodiesterase (70 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDEB1 Class I phosphodiesterase PDEB1 (2 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SARS-CoV-2 (38078 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

Mechanisms of Action

Mechanism of ActionAction Typetarget IDTarget NameTarget TypeTarget OrganismBinding Site NameReferences

Names and Identifiers

IUPAC Name 1-methyl-3-(2-methylpropyl)-7H-purine-2,6-dione
INCHI InChI=1S/C10H14N4O2/c1-6(2)4-14-8-7(11-5-12-8)9(15)13(3)10(14)16/h5-6H,4H2,1-3H3,(H,11,12)
InChi Key APIXJSLKIYYUKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES CC(C)CN1C2=C(C(=O)N(C1=O)C)NC=N2
Isomeric SMILES CC(C)CN1C2=C(C(=O)N(C1=O)C)NC=N2
WGK Germany 3
RTECS ZD8500000
PubChem CID 3758
Molecular Weight 222.24
Beilstein 247859

Certificates

Certificate of Analysis(COA)

Enter Lot Number to search for COA:

Chemical and Physical Properties

Melt Point(°C)200-203°C

Safety and Hazards(GHS)

Pictogram(s) GHS07
Signal Warning
Hazard Statements

H302:Harmful if swallowed

Precautionary Statements

P501:Dispose of contents/container to ...

P264:Wash hands [and …] thoroughly after handling.

P270:Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P330:Rinse mouth.

P301+P317:IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.

WGK Germany 3
RTECS ZD8500000

Related Documents

 SDS

 Specification Sheet

Citations of This Product

How to Cite Aladdin Scientific Products?
1. Ling Yang, Linzi Li, Qian Lu, Lingfeng Li, Chun Xie, Fakun Jiang, Hongbing Li, Ai Zhao, Qian Wang, Wenyong Xiong.  (2023)  Alisol B blocks the development of HFD-induced obesity by triggering the LKB1-AMPK signaling in subcutaneous adipose tissue.  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY,  956  (175942).  [PMID:37536624] [10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175942]
2. Gui-Bo Liu, Yong-Xia Cheng, Hua-Min Li, Yong Liu, Li-Xin Sun, Qi Wu, Shang-Fu Guo, Ting-Ting Li, Chuan-Ling Dong, Ge Sun.  (2023)  Ghrelin promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation of adipose tissue‑derived mesenchymal stem cells by DDX17‑mediated regulation of the SFRP4/Wnt/β‑catenin axis.  Molecular Medicine Reports,  28  (3): (1-14).  [PMID:37449526] [10.3892/mmr.2023.13050]
3. Xinyan Tao, Yuan Liu, Zhenhua Ding, Shuang Xie, Wenxiong Cao, Xiaohong Li.  (2023)  Injectable cell-targeting fiber rods to promote lipolysis and regulate inflammation for obesity treatment.  Biomaterials Science,      [PMID:37432672] [10.1039/D3BM00619K]
4. Yawei Kong, Jianpeng Ao, Qiushu Chen, Wenhua Su, Yinping Zhao, Yiyan Fei, Jiong Ma, Minbiao Ji, Lan Mi.  (2023)  Evaluating Differentiation Status of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Label-Free Microscopy System and Machine Learning.  Cells,  12  (11): (1524).  [PMID:37296645] [10.3390/cells12111524]
5. Gao Rongyin, Zhang Ximei, Zou Kun, Meng Duo, Lv Jinpeng.  (2023)  Cryptochrome 1 activation inhibits melanogenesis and melanosome transport through negative regulation of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.  Frontiers in Pharmacology,  14    [PMID:36814484] [10.3389/fphar.2023.1081030]
6. Xiaoxue Ren, Xiaoting Gao, Yicheng Cheng, Lingxia Xie, Liping Tong, Wei Li, Paul K. Chu, Huaiyu Wang.  (2022)  Maintenance of multipotency of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoneedle arrays through the enhancement of cell-cell interaction.  Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,  10  (1076345).  [PMID:36698633] [10.3389/fbioe.2022.1076345]
7. Fei He, Chendong Yang, Haoye Liu, Jizeng Wang.  (2023)  Changes in the mechanical properties of human mesenchymal stem cells during differentiation.  Royal Society Open Science,  10  (1):   [PMID:36636310] [10.1098/rsos.220607]
8. Xiaoyu Cai, Songxue Wang, Huali Wang, Suwen Liu, Guishan Liu, Huibin Chen, Ji Kang, Hao Wang.  (2023)  Naringenin inhibits lipid accumulation by activating the AMPK pathway in vivo and vitro.  Food Science and Human Wellness,  12  (1174).  [PMID:] [10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.043]
9. Shuai Chen, Yicheng Jiang, Xiaoyang Qi, Peng Song, Liming Tang, Hanyang Liu.  (2022)  Bioinformatics analysis to obtain critical genes regulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue after bariatric surgery.  Adipocyte,  11  (1): (550-561).  [PMID:36036283] [10.1080/21623945.2022.2115212]
10. Zhu Shenglong, Zhang Jingwei, Wang Wei, Jiang Xuan, Chen Yong Q..  (2022)  Blockage of NDUFB9-SCD1 pathway inhibits adipogenesis.  JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY,  78  (2): (377-388).  [PMID:35122619] [10.1007/s13105-022-00876-7]
11. Zhu Shenglong, Wang Wei, Zhang Jingwei, Ji Siyu, Jing Zhe, Chen Yong Q..  (2022)  Slc25a5 regulates adipogenesis by modulating ERK signaling in OP9 cells.  CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LETTERS,  27  (1): (1-13).  [PMID:35109789] [10.1186/s11658-022-00314-y]
12. Jing Zhou, Ji Zhang, Jiayi Li, Yiqiu Guan, Ting Shen, Fu Li, Xueqin Li, Xiaojun Yang, Weicheng Hu.  (2021)  Ginsenoside F2 Suppresses Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells and Obesity in Mice via the AMPK Pathway.  JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY,  69  (32): (9299–9312).  [PMID:34342980] [10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03420]
13. Lou Hai-xia, Fu Wen-cheng, Chen Jia-xiang, Li Tian-tian, Jiang Ying-ying, Liu Chun-hui, Zhang Wen.  (2021)  Alisol A 24-acetate stimulates lipolysis in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes.  BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies,  21  (1): (1-11).  [PMID:33888116] [10.1186/s12906-021-03296-0]
14. Zhenhua Ding, Maohua Chen, Xinyan Tao, Yuan Liu, Jie He, Tao Wang, Xiaohong Li.  (2021)  Synergistic Treatment of Obesity via Locally Promoting Beige Adipogenesis and Antioxidative Defense in Adipose Tissues.  ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering,  7  (2): (727–738).  [PMID:33397089] [10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01181]
15. Suwen Liu, Xuedong Chang, Jincheng Yu, Weifeng Xu.  (2020)  Cerasus humilis Cherry Polyphenol Reduces High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in C57BL/6 Mice by Mitigating Fat Deposition, Inflammation, and Oxidation.  JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY,  68  (15): (4424–4436).  [PMID:32227855] [10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01617]
16. Minchi Liu, Wenjun Qian, Selvaraj Subramaniyam, Shuang Liu, Wenkuan Xin.  (2020)  Denatonium enhanced the tone of denuded rat aorta via bitter taste receptor and phosphodiesterase activation.  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY,  872  (172951).  [PMID:32006560] [10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172951]
17. Fiorency Santoso, Bonifasius Putera Sampurna, Yu-Heng Lai, Sung-Tzu Liang, Erwei Hao, Jung-Ren Chen, Chung-Der Hsiao.  (2019)  Development of a Simple ImageJ-Based Method for Dynamic Blood Flow Tracking in Zebrafish Embryos and Its Application in Drug Toxicity Evaluation.  Inventions,  4  (4): (65).  [PMID:] [10.3390/inventions4040065]
18. Kun Feng, Chen Li, Yun-Shan Wei, Min-Hua Zong, Hong Wu, Shuang-Yan Han.  (2019)  Development of a polysaccharide based multi-unit nanofiber mat for colon-targeted sustained release of salmon calcitonin.  JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE,  552  (186).  [PMID:31125829] [10.1016/j.jcis.2019.05.037]
19. Kaimin Wu, Ruiyi Zhang, Yanhui Lu, Lulu Wen, Yanfei Li, Ranran Duan, Yaobing Yao, Yanjie Jia.  (2019)  Lin28B regulates the fate of grafted mesenchymal stem cells and enhances their protective effects against Alzheimer's disease by upregulating IGF-2.  JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY,  234  (12): (21860-21876).  [PMID:31066045] [10.1002/jcp.28750]
20. Zhang Kaina, Zeng Ke, Shen Congcong, Tian Shiyu, Yang Minghui.  (2018)  Determination of protein kinase A activity and inhibition by using hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as a fluorescent probe.  MICROCHIMICA ACTA,  185  (4): (1-7).  [PMID:29594552] [10.1007/s00604-018-2754-1]
21. Qian Wang, Shuang-ting Wang, Xin Yang, Pan-pan You, Wen Zhang.  (2015)  Myricetin suppresses differentiation of 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes and enhances lipolysis in adipocytes.  NUTRITION RESEARCH,  35  (317).  [PMID:25724338] [10.1016/j.nutres.2014.12.009]
22. Luo M et al..  (2020)  Sanguinarine Rapidly Relaxes Rat Airway Smooth Muscle Cells Dependent on TAS2R Signaling..  Biol Pharm Bull,  43  (7): (1027-1034).  [PMID:32404582]

References

1. Ling Yang, Linzi Li, Qian Lu, Lingfeng Li, Chun Xie, Fakun Jiang, Hongbing Li, Ai Zhao, Qian Wang, Wenyong Xiong.  (2023)  Alisol B blocks the development of HFD-induced obesity by triggering the LKB1-AMPK signaling in subcutaneous adipose tissue.  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY,  956  (175942).  [PMID:37536624] [10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175942]
2. Gui-Bo Liu, Yong-Xia Cheng, Hua-Min Li, Yong Liu, Li-Xin Sun, Qi Wu, Shang-Fu Guo, Ting-Ting Li, Chuan-Ling Dong, Ge Sun.  (2023)  Ghrelin promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation of adipose tissue‑derived mesenchymal stem cells by DDX17‑mediated regulation of the SFRP4/Wnt/β‑catenin axis.  Molecular Medicine Reports,  28  (3): (1-14).  [PMID:37449526] [10.3892/mmr.2023.13050]
3. Xinyan Tao, Yuan Liu, Zhenhua Ding, Shuang Xie, Wenxiong Cao, Xiaohong Li.  (2023)  Injectable cell-targeting fiber rods to promote lipolysis and regulate inflammation for obesity treatment.  Biomaterials Science,      [PMID:37432672] [10.1039/D3BM00619K]
4. Yawei Kong, Jianpeng Ao, Qiushu Chen, Wenhua Su, Yinping Zhao, Yiyan Fei, Jiong Ma, Minbiao Ji, Lan Mi.  (2023)  Evaluating Differentiation Status of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Label-Free Microscopy System and Machine Learning.  Cells,  12  (11): (1524).  [PMID:37296645] [10.3390/cells12111524]
5. Gao Rongyin, Zhang Ximei, Zou Kun, Meng Duo, Lv Jinpeng.  (2023)  Cryptochrome 1 activation inhibits melanogenesis and melanosome transport through negative regulation of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.  Frontiers in Pharmacology,  14    [PMID:36814484] [10.3389/fphar.2023.1081030]
6. Xiaoxue Ren, Xiaoting Gao, Yicheng Cheng, Lingxia Xie, Liping Tong, Wei Li, Paul K. Chu, Huaiyu Wang.  (2022)  Maintenance of multipotency of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoneedle arrays through the enhancement of cell-cell interaction.  Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,  10  (1076345).  [PMID:36698633] [10.3389/fbioe.2022.1076345]
7. Fei He, Chendong Yang, Haoye Liu, Jizeng Wang.  (2023)  Changes in the mechanical properties of human mesenchymal stem cells during differentiation.  Royal Society Open Science,  10  (1):   [PMID:36636310] [10.1098/rsos.220607]
8. Xiaoyu Cai, Songxue Wang, Huali Wang, Suwen Liu, Guishan Liu, Huibin Chen, Ji Kang, Hao Wang.  (2023)  Naringenin inhibits lipid accumulation by activating the AMPK pathway in vivo and vitro.  Food Science and Human Wellness,  12  (1174).  [PMID:] [10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.043]
9. Shuai Chen, Yicheng Jiang, Xiaoyang Qi, Peng Song, Liming Tang, Hanyang Liu.  (2022)  Bioinformatics analysis to obtain critical genes regulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue after bariatric surgery.  Adipocyte,  11  (1): (550-561).  [PMID:36036283] [10.1080/21623945.2022.2115212]
10. Zhu Shenglong, Zhang Jingwei, Wang Wei, Jiang Xuan, Chen Yong Q..  (2022)  Blockage of NDUFB9-SCD1 pathway inhibits adipogenesis.  JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY,  78  (2): (377-388).  [PMID:35122619] [10.1007/s13105-022-00876-7]
11. Zhu Shenglong, Wang Wei, Zhang Jingwei, Ji Siyu, Jing Zhe, Chen Yong Q..  (2022)  Slc25a5 regulates adipogenesis by modulating ERK signaling in OP9 cells.  CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LETTERS,  27  (1): (1-13).  [PMID:35109789] [10.1186/s11658-022-00314-y]
12. Jing Zhou, Ji Zhang, Jiayi Li, Yiqiu Guan, Ting Shen, Fu Li, Xueqin Li, Xiaojun Yang, Weicheng Hu.  (2021)  Ginsenoside F2 Suppresses Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells and Obesity in Mice via the AMPK Pathway.  JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY,  69  (32): (9299–9312).  [PMID:34342980] [10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03420]
13. Lou Hai-xia, Fu Wen-cheng, Chen Jia-xiang, Li Tian-tian, Jiang Ying-ying, Liu Chun-hui, Zhang Wen.  (2021)  Alisol A 24-acetate stimulates lipolysis in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes.  BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies,  21  (1): (1-11).  [PMID:33888116] [10.1186/s12906-021-03296-0]
14. Zhenhua Ding, Maohua Chen, Xinyan Tao, Yuan Liu, Jie He, Tao Wang, Xiaohong Li.  (2021)  Synergistic Treatment of Obesity via Locally Promoting Beige Adipogenesis and Antioxidative Defense in Adipose Tissues.  ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering,  7  (2): (727–738).  [PMID:33397089] [10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01181]
15. Suwen Liu, Xuedong Chang, Jincheng Yu, Weifeng Xu.  (2020)  Cerasus humilis Cherry Polyphenol Reduces High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in C57BL/6 Mice by Mitigating Fat Deposition, Inflammation, and Oxidation.  JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY,  68  (15): (4424–4436).  [PMID:32227855] [10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01617]
16. Minchi Liu, Wenjun Qian, Selvaraj Subramaniyam, Shuang Liu, Wenkuan Xin.  (2020)  Denatonium enhanced the tone of denuded rat aorta via bitter taste receptor and phosphodiesterase activation.  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY,  872  (172951).  [PMID:32006560] [10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172951]
17. Fiorency Santoso, Bonifasius Putera Sampurna, Yu-Heng Lai, Sung-Tzu Liang, Erwei Hao, Jung-Ren Chen, Chung-Der Hsiao.  (2019)  Development of a Simple ImageJ-Based Method for Dynamic Blood Flow Tracking in Zebrafish Embryos and Its Application in Drug Toxicity Evaluation.  Inventions,  4  (4): (65).  [PMID:] [10.3390/inventions4040065]
18. Kun Feng, Chen Li, Yun-Shan Wei, Min-Hua Zong, Hong Wu, Shuang-Yan Han.  (2019)  Development of a polysaccharide based multi-unit nanofiber mat for colon-targeted sustained release of salmon calcitonin.  JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE,  552  (186).  [PMID:31125829] [10.1016/j.jcis.2019.05.037]
19. Kaimin Wu, Ruiyi Zhang, Yanhui Lu, Lulu Wen, Yanfei Li, Ranran Duan, Yaobing Yao, Yanjie Jia.  (2019)  Lin28B regulates the fate of grafted mesenchymal stem cells and enhances their protective effects against Alzheimer's disease by upregulating IGF-2.  JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY,  234  (12): (21860-21876).  [PMID:31066045] [10.1002/jcp.28750]
20. Zhang Kaina, Zeng Ke, Shen Congcong, Tian Shiyu, Yang Minghui.  (2018)  Determination of protein kinase A activity and inhibition by using hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as a fluorescent probe.  MICROCHIMICA ACTA,  185  (4): (1-7).  [PMID:29594552] [10.1007/s00604-018-2754-1]
21. Qian Wang, Shuang-ting Wang, Xin Yang, Pan-pan You, Wen Zhang.  (2015)  Myricetin suppresses differentiation of 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes and enhances lipolysis in adipocytes.  NUTRITION RESEARCH,  35  (317).  [PMID:25724338] [10.1016/j.nutres.2014.12.009]
22. Luo M et al..  (2020)  Sanguinarine Rapidly Relaxes Rat Airway Smooth Muscle Cells Dependent on TAS2R Signaling..  Biol Pharm Bull,  43  (7): (1027-1034).  [PMID:32404582]

Solution Calculators

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