AZD-5991 is a potent and selective Mcl-1 inhibitor with an IC 50 of 0.7 nM in FRET assay and a K d of 0.17 nM in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay
In Vitro
The selectivity of AZD-5991 is evaluated against pro-survival Bcl-2 family members using FRET assays. AZD-5991 is selective for Mcl-1 (IC 50 0.72 nM, K i =200 pM) vs. Bcl-2 (IC 50 =20 µM, K i =6.8 µM), Bcl-xL (IC 50 =36 µM, K i =18 µM), Bcl-w (IC 50 =49 µM, K i =25 µM), and Bfl-1 (IC 50 =24 µM, K i =12 µM). MOLP-8, MV4-11, and NCI-H23 cells are treated with AZD5991 (EC 50 =0.033, 0.024, 0.19 µM, respectively).AZD5991 binds directly to Mcl-1 and induces rapid apoptosis in cancer cells, most notably myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia, by activating the Bak-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. AZD5991 reduces the levels of Mcl-1 protein in AZD5991-sensitive but not in AZD5991-resistant MM cell lines further supporting the notion that activation of caspases by AZD5991 reduces Mcl-1 protein levels in AZD5991-sensitive cell lines. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
In Vivo
A single intravenous (i.v.) dose of AZD5991 leads to a dose-dependent antitumor effect ranging from tumor growth inhibition (TGI) to tumor regression (TR). Ten days after treatment, AZD5991 shows 52% and 93% TGI (p<0.0001) at 10 and 30 mg/kg, respectively. At the same time point, AZD5991 at 60 mg/kg leads to 99% TR with no detectable tumors in 6 out of 7 mice, while complete TR is seen in 7 out of 7 mice in the 100 mg/kg dose group. AZD5991 also shows a dose-dependent duration of response with tumors in the 100 mg/kg group growing back later than those in the 60 mg/kg group. The magnitude of in vivo tumor efficacy is correlated with activation of caspase-3 in the tumor and concentration of AZD5991 in plasma. Treatment with AZD5991 was well tolerated at all dose levels with no significant body weight loss. A single dose of AZD5991 36 days after the first dose causes tumor regression in 4 out of 4 mice. In mice dosed with AZD5991 at 100 mg/kg on day 0 and day 1, tumors grow back later than those dosed with a single dose of AZD5991 at the same dose level . MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
