caspofungin

ID: ALA1630575

Chembl Id: CHEMBL1630575

Max Phase: Approved

First Approval: 2001

Molecular Formula: C52H88N10O15

Molecular Weight: 1093.33

Molecule Type: Small molecule

Names and Identifiers

Synonyms: Caspofungin | L-743,872 | L-743872

Synonyms from Alternative Forms(5): Caspofungin acetate | Caspofungin diacetate | MK-0991 | Cancidas | Cancidas (previously caspofungin msd)

Canonical SMILES:  CC[C@H](C)C[C@H](C)CCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H]1C[C@@H](O)[C@@H](NCCN)NC(=O)[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)CCN2C(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)CCN)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)c2ccc(O)cc2)NC(=O)[C@@H]2C[C@@H](O)CN2C(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC1=O

Standard InChI:  InChI=1S/C52H88N10O15/c1-5-28(2)24-29(3)12-10-8-6-7-9-11-13-39(69)56-34-26-38(68)46(55-22-21-54)60-50(75)43-37(67)19-23-61(43)52(77)41(36(66)18-20-53)58-49(74)42(45(71)44(70)31-14-16-32(64)17-15-31)59-48(73)35-25-33(65)27-62(35)51(76)40(30(4)63)57-47(34)72/h14-17,28-30,33-38,40-46,55,63-68,70-71H,5-13,18-27,53-54H2,1-4H3,(H,56,69)(H,57,72)(H,58,74)(H,59,73)(H,60,75)/t28-,29+,30+,33+,34-,35-,36+,37-,38+,40-,41-,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-/m0/s1

Standard InChI Key:  JYIKNQVWKBUSNH-WVDDFWQHSA-N

Alternative Forms

1. Parent:

   

   ALA1630575

   CASPOFUNGIN

2. Alternative Forms:

   

   ALA1630575

   CASPOFUNGIN ACETATE

Molecule Features

Natural Product: Yes

Oral: No

Chemical Probe: No

Parenteral: Yes

Molecule Type: Small molecule

Topical: No

First In Class: No

Black Box: No

Chirality: Yes

Availability: Yes

Prodrug: No

Calculated Properties

Molecular Weight: 1093.33

Molecular Weight (Monoisotopic): 1092.6431

AlogP:

#Rotatable Bonds:

Polar Surface Area:

Molecular Species:

HBA:

HBD:

#RO5 Violations:

HBA (Lipinski):

HBD (Lipinski):

#RO5 Violations (Lipinski):

CX Acidic pKa:

CX Basic pKa:

CX LogP:

CX LogD:

Aromatic Rings:

Heavy Atoms:

QED Weighted:

Np Likeness Score:

References

1. Antachopoulos C, Meletiadis J, Sein T, Roilides E, Walsh TJ..  (2007)  Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.,  51  (3): [PMID:17145783] [10.1128/aac.01160-06]

2. Vandeputte P, Tronchin G, Bergès T, Hennequin C, Chabasse D, Bouchara JP..  (2007)  Reduced susceptibility to polyenes associated with a missense mutation in the ERG6 gene in a clinical isolate of Candida glabrata with pseudohyphal growth.,  51  (3): [PMID:17158937] [10.1128/aac.01510-06]

3. Barchiesi F, Spreghini E, Tomassetti S, Giannini D, Scalise G..  (2007)  Caspofungin in combination with amphotericin B against Candida parapsilosis.,  51  (3): [PMID:17158939] [10.1128/aac.00880-06]

4. Torres-Narbona M, Guinea J, Martínez-Alarcón J, Peláez T, Bouza E..  (2007)  In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.,  51  (3): [PMID:17194821] [10.1128/aac.01539-06]

5. da Matta VL, de Souza Carvalho Melhem M, Colombo AL, Moretti ML, Rodero L, Duboc de Almeida GM, dos Anjos Martins M, Costa SF, Souza Dias MB, Nucci M, Levin AS..  (2007)  Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.,  51  (4): [PMID:17261632] [10.1128/aac.01038-06]

6. Meletiadis J, Stergiopoulou T, O'Shaughnessy EM, Peter J, Walsh TJ..  (2007)  Concentration-dependent synergy and antagonism within a triple antifungal drug combination against Aspergillus species: analysis by a new response surface model.,  51  (6): [PMID:17387150] [10.1128/aac.00873-06]

7. Jacobsen MD, Whyte JA, Odds FC..  (2007)  Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.,  51  (5): [PMID:17307974] [10.1128/aac.01525-06]

8. Wiederhold NP, Najvar LK, Bocanegra R, Molina D, Olivo M, Graybill JR..  (2007)  In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.,  51  (5): [PMID:17307976] [10.1128/aac.00105-07]

9. Paderu P, Garcia-Effron G, Balashov S, Delmas G, Park S, Perlin DS..  (2007)  Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.,  51  (6): [PMID:17420211] [10.1128/aac.01536-06]

10. Kahn JN, Garcia-Effron G, Hsu MJ, Park S, Marr KA, Perlin DS..  (2007)  Acquired echinocandin resistance in a Candida krusei isolate due to modification of glucan synthase.,  51  (5): [PMID:17325225] [10.1128/aac.00067-07]

11. Chamilos G, Lewis RE, Albert N, Kontoyiannis DP..  (2007)  Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.,  51  (6): [PMID:17438060] [10.1128/aac.00095-07]

12. Meyer V, Damveld RA, Arentshorst M, Stahl U, van den Hondel CA, Ram AF..  (2007)  Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.,  282  (45): [PMID:17804411] [10.1074/jbc.m705856200]

13. Rocha EM, Garcia-Effron G, Park S, Perlin DS..  (2007)  A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus.,  51  (11): [PMID:17724146] [10.1128/aac.00917-07]

14. Steinbach WJ, Cramer RA, Perfect BZ, Henn C, Nielsen K, Heitman J, Perfect JR..  (2007)  Calcineurin inhibition or mutation enhances cell wall inhibitors against Aspergillus fumigatus.,  51  (8): [PMID:17502415] [10.1128/aac.01394-06]

15. Herath K, Harris G, Jayasuriya H, Zink D, Smith S, Vicente F, Bills G, Collado J, González A, Jiang B, Kahn JN, Galuska S, Giacobbe R, Abruzzo G, Hickey E, Liberator P, Xu D, Roemer T, Singh SB..  (2009)  Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.,  17  (3): [PMID:19112025] [10.1016/j.bmc.2008.12.009]

16. Guembe M, Guinea J, Peláez T, Torres-Narbona M, Bouza E..  (2007)  Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.,  51  (9): [PMID:17576835] [10.1128/aac.00595-07]

17. Melo AS, Colombo AL, Arthington-Skaggs BA..  (2007)  Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.,  51  (9): [PMID:17591847] [10.1128/aac.00676-07]

18. Serfling A, Wohlrab J, Deising HB..  (2007)  Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.,  51  (10): [PMID:17620378] [10.1128/aac.00654-07]

19. Odabasi Z, Paetznick V, Rex JH, Ostrosky-Zeichner L..  (2007)  Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.,  51  (11): [PMID:17785512] [10.1128/aac.01589-06]

20. Plummer R, Bodkin J, Power D, Pantarat N, Bubb WA, Kuchel PW, Sorrell TC..  (2007)  Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.,  51  (11): [PMID:17785514] [10.1128/aac.00602-07]

21. Castagnola E, Cappelli B, Faraci M, Fallani S, Cassetta MI, Novelli A..  (2007)  Maintenance of therapeutic concentrations of caspofungin after temporary treatment interruption (48 hours) in a child with invasive aspergillosis.,  51  (10): [PMID:17646422] [10.1128/aac.00890-07]

22. Chauhan N, Kruppa M, Calderone R..  (2007)  The Ssk1p response regulator and Chk1p histidine kinase mutants of Candida albicans are hypersensitive to fluconazole and voriconazole.,  51  (10): [PMID:17664325] [10.1128/aac.00929-07]

23. Perumal P, Mekala S, Chaffin WL..  (2007)  Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.,  51  (7): [PMID:17502416] [10.1128/aac.01237-06]

24. Almyroudis NG, Sutton DA, Fothergill AW, Rinaldi MG, Kusne S..  (2007)  In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.,  51  (7): [PMID:17452481] [10.1128/aac.00452-07]

25. Katragkou A, Chatzimoschou A, Simitsopoulou M, Dalakiouridou M, Diza-Mataftsi E, Tsantali C, Roilides E..  (2008)  Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.,  52  (1): [PMID:17938192] [10.1128/aac.00856-07]

26. Spreghini E, Maida CM, Milici ME, Scalise G, Barchiesi F..  (2008)  Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.,  52  (2): [PMID:18056279] [10.1128/aac.01447-07]

27. Ondeyka J, Harris G, Zink D, Basilio A, Vicente F, Bills G, Platas G, Collado J, Gonzáez A, de la Cruz M, Martin J, Kahn JN, Galuska S, Giacobbe R, Abruzzo G, Hickey E, Liberator P, Jiang B, Xu D, Roemer T, Singh SB..  (2009)  Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.,  72  (1): [PMID:19115836] [10.1021/np800511r]

28. Martinez LR, Ntiamoah P, Gácser A, Casadevall A, Nosanchuk JD..  (2007)  Voriconazole inhibits melanization in Cryptococcus neoformans.,  51  (12): [PMID:17923488] [10.1128/aac.00376-07]

29. Sóczó G, Kardos G, Varga I, Kelentey B, Gesztelyi R, Majoros L..  (2007)  In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.,  51  (12): [PMID:17923496] [10.1128/aac.00880-07]

30. Antachopoulos C, Meletiadis J, Sein T, Roilides E, Walsh TJ..  (2008)  Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.,  52  (1): [PMID:17938191] [10.1128/aac.00699-07]

31. Dannaoui E, Lortholary O, Raoux D, Bougnoux ME, Galeazzi G, Lawrence C, Moissenet D, Poilane I, Hoinard D, Dromer F, YEASTS Group..  (2008)  Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.,  52  (2): [PMID:18070978] [10.1128/aac.01140-07]

32. Nagappan V, Boikov D, Vazquez JA..  (2010)  Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.,  54  (1): [PMID:19841143] [10.1128/aac.01339-08]

33. Xu Y, Pang G, Zhao D, Gao C, Zhou L, Sun S, Wang B..  (2010)  In vitro activity of thimerosal against ocular pathogenic fungi.,  54  (1): [PMID:19841144] [10.1128/aac.00714-09]

34. Mavridou E, Brüggemann RJ, Melchers WJ, Mouton JW, Verweij PE..  (2010)  Efficacy of posaconazole against three clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates with mutations in the cyp51A gene.,  54  (2): [PMID:19917751] [10.1128/aac.00931-09]

35. Espinel-Ingroff A, Canton E, Peman J, Martín-Mazuelo E..  (2010)  Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.,  54  (3): [PMID:20028814] [10.1128/aac.01324-09]

36. Chapeland-Leclerc F, Hennequin C, Papon N, Noël T, Girard A, Socié G, Ribaud P, Lacroix C..  (2010)  Acquisition of flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistance in Candida glabrata bloodstream isolates serially obtained from a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient.,  54  (3): [PMID:20038613] [10.1128/aac.01138-09]

37. Gomez-Lopez A, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Rodriguez D, Almirante B, Pahissa A, Rodriguez-Tudela JL, Cuenca-Estrella M, Barcelona Candidemia Project Study Group..  (2008)  Prevalence and susceptibility profile of Candida metapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis: results from population-based surveillance of candidemia in Spain.,  52  (4): [PMID:18285486] [10.1128/aac.01595-07]

38. Stergiopoulou T, Meletiadis J, Sein T, Papaioannidou P, Tsiouris I, Roilides E, Walsh TJ..  (2008)  Isobolographic analysis of pharmacodynamic interactions between antifungal agents and ciprofloxacin against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus.,  52  (6): [PMID:18299413] [10.1128/aac.00735-07]

39. Cota JM, Grabinski JL, Talbert RL, Burgess DS, Rogers PD, Edlind TD, Wiederhold NP..  (2008)  Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.,  52  (3): [PMID:18086838] [10.1128/aac.01542-07]

40. Spreghini E, Maida CM, Tomassetti S, Orlando F, Giannini D, Milici ME, Scalise G, Barchiesi F..  (2008)  Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.,  52  (6): [PMID:18391037] [10.1128/aac.00130-08]

41. Castanheira M, Woosley LN, Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Jones RN, Pfaller MA..  (2010)  Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.,  54  (6): [PMID:20368396] [10.1128/aac.01711-09]

42. Andes D, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Bohrmuller J, Marchillo K, Lepak A..  (2010)  In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.,  54  (6): [PMID:20385855] [10.1128/aac.01584-09]

43. Venisse N, Grégoire N, Marliat M, Couet W..  (2008)  Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models of in vitro fungistatic and fungicidal effects against Candida albicans.,  52  (3): [PMID:18180347] [10.1128/aac.01030-07]

44. van de Sande WW, van Vianen W, ten Kate MT, Vissers J, Laurijsens J, Tavakol M, Rijnders BJ, Mathot RA, Bakker-Woudenberg IA..  (2008)  Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.,  52  (4): [PMID:18195059] [10.1128/aac.00536-07]

45. Alcazar-Fuoli L, Mellado E, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Cuenca-Estrella M, Rodriguez-Tudela JL..  (2008)  Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.,  52  (4): [PMID:18212093] [10.1128/aac.00942-07]

46. Chamilos G, Lewis RE, Lamaris GA, Albert ND, Kontoyiannis DP..  (2008)  Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.,  52  (4): [PMID:18212113] [10.1128/aac.01393-07]

47. Khlif M, Bogreau H, Michel-Nguyen A, Ayadi A, Ranque S..  (2010)  Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.,  54  (3): [PMID:20065050] [10.1128/aac.00530-09]

48. Najafzadeh MJ, Badali H, Illnait-Zaragozi MT, De Hoog GS, Meis JF..  (2010)  In vitro activities of eight antifungal drugs against 55 clinical isolates of Fonsecaea spp.,  54  (4): [PMID:20086140] [10.1128/aac.01655-09]

49. Cantón E, Espinel-Ingroff A, Pemán J, del Castillo L..  (2010)  In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.,  54  (5): [PMID:20145083] [10.1128/aac.01538-09]

50. Garcia-Effron G, Chua DJ, Tomada JR, DiPersio J, Perlin DS, Ghannoum M, Bonilla H..  (2010)  Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.,  54  (5): [PMID:20145084] [10.1128/aac.00998-09]

51. Garcia-Effron G, Katiyar SK, Park S, Edlind TD, Perlin DS..  (2008)  A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.,  52  (7): [PMID:18443110] [10.1128/aac.00262-08]

52. Damle B, Stogniew M, Dowell J..  (2008)  Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of anidulafungin in rats.,  52  (7): [PMID:18443124] [10.1128/aac.01596-07]

53. Arendrup MC, Perkhofer S, Howard SJ, Garcia-Effron G, Vishukumar A, Perlin D, Lass-Flörl C..  (2008)  Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.,  52  (10): [PMID:18644959] [10.1128/aac.00190-08]

54. Cleary JD, Garcia-Effron G, Chapman SW, Perlin DS..  (2008)  Reduced Candida glabrata susceptibility secondary to an FKS1 mutation developed during candidemia treatment.,  52  (6): [PMID:18378714] [10.1128/aac.01568-07]

55. Melo NR, Moran GP, Warrilow AG, Dudley E, Smith SN, Sullivan DJ, Lamb DC, Kelly DE, Coleman DC, Kelly SL..  (2008)  CYP56 (Dit2p) in Candida albicans: characterization and investigation of its role in growth and antifungal drug susceptibility.,  52  (10): [PMID:18663031] [10.1128/aac.00446-08]

56. Jacobson MJ, Piper KE, Nguyen G, Steckelberg JM, Patel R..  (2008)  In vitro activity of anidulafungin against Candida albicans biofilms.,  52  (6): [PMID:18391031] [10.1128/aac.00211-08]

57. Thompson GR, Wiederhold NP, Vallor AC, Villareal NC, Lewis JS, Patterson TF..  (2008)  Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection.,  52  (10): [PMID:18676885] [10.1128/aac.00473-08]

58. Lass-Flörl C, Mayr A, Perkhofer S, Hinterberger G, Hausdorfer J, Speth C, Fille M..  (2008)  Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.,  52  (10): [PMID:18694949] [10.1128/aac.00662-08]

59. Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Cuesta I, Walther G, Cuenca-Estrella M, Rodriguez-Tudela JL..  (2010)  Antifungal susceptibility profile of human-pathogenic species of Lichtheimia.,  54  (7): [PMID:20421405] [10.1128/aac.01270-09]

60. Seidler MJ, Salvenmoser S, Müller FM..  (2008)  Aspergillus fumigatus forms biofilms with reduced antifungal drug susceptibility on bronchial epithelial cells.,  52  (11): [PMID:18710910] [10.1128/aac.00234-08]

61. Li XC, Jacob MR, Khan SI, Ashfaq MK, Babu KS, Agarwal AK, Elsohly HN, Manly SP, Clark AM..  (2008)  Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.,  52  (7): [PMID:18458131] [10.1128/aac.01297-07]

62. Ruan SY, Chu CC, Hsueh PR..  (2008)  In vitro susceptibilities of invasive isolates of Candida species: rapid increase in rates of fluconazole susceptible-dose dependent Candida glabrata isolates.,  52  (8): [PMID:18458136] [10.1128/aac.00323-08]

63. Wiederhold NP, Grabinski JL, Garcia-Effron G, Perlin DS, Lee SA..  (2008)  Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.,  52  (11): [PMID:18794385] [10.1128/aac.00959-08]

64. Garcia-Effron G, Kontoyiannis DP, Lewis RE, Perlin DS..  (2008)  Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.,  52  (11): [PMID:18794386] [10.1128/aac.00802-08]

65. Castelli MV, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Cuesta I, Monzon A, Mellado E, Rodriguez-Tudela JL, Cuenca-Estrella M..  (2008)  Susceptibility testing and molecular classification of Paecilomyces spp.,  52  (8): [PMID:18519716] [10.1128/aac.00538-08]

66. Obach RS, Lombardo F, Waters NJ..  (2008)  Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.,  36  (7): [PMID:18426954] [10.1124/dmd.108.020479]

67. Dimopoulos G, Velegraki A, Falagas ME..  (2009)  A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.,  53  (3): [PMID:19114672] [10.1128/aac.01368-08]

68. Chen SC, Biswas C, Bartley R, Widmer F, Pantarat N, Obando D, Djordjevic JT, Ellis DH, Jolliffe KA, Sorrell TC..  (2010)  In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.,  54  (8): [PMID:20530227] [10.1128/aac.00231-10]

69. Katiyar SK, Edlind TD..  (2009)  Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.,  53  (5): [PMID:19258277] [10.1128/aac.00020-09]

70. Garcia-Effron G, Park S, Perlin DS..  (2009)  Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.,  53  (1): [PMID:18955538] [10.1128/aac.01162-08]

71. Lass-Flörl C, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Cuenca-Estrella M, Perkhofer S, Rodriguez-Tudela JL..  (2009)  In vitro activities of various antifungal drugs against Aspergillus terreus: Global assessment using the methodology of the European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing.,  53  (2): [PMID:19064891] [10.1128/aac.00335-08]

72. Arendrup MC, Garcia-Effron G, Buzina W, Mortensen KL, Reiter N, Lundin C, Jensen HE, Lass-Flörl C, Perlin DS, Bruun B..  (2009)  Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.,  53  (3): [PMID:19104024] [10.1128/aac.01292-08]

73. Ferreira JA, Carr JH, Starling CE, de Resende MA, Donlan RM..  (2009)  Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.,  53  (10): [PMID:19546368] [10.1128/aac.00316-09]

74. Alcazar-Fuoli L, Mellado E, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Cuenca-Estrella M, Rodriguez-Tudela JL..  (2009)  Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.,  53  (10): [PMID:19635955] [10.1128/aac.00585-09]

75. Chittick P, Palavecino EL, Delashmitt B, Evans J, Peacock JE..  (2009)  Case of fatal Blastoschizomyces capitatus infection occurring in a patient receiving empiric micafungin therapy.,  53  (12): [PMID:19738005] [10.1128/aac.00710-09]

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77. Fortwendel JR, Juvvadi PR, Pinchai N, Perfect BZ, Alspaugh JA, Perfect JR, Steinbach WJ..  (2009)  Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.,  53  (2): [PMID:19015336] [10.1128/aac.01154-08]

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Source

Source(6):

• Scientific Literature
• Clinical Candidates
• USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names
• TP-search Transporter Database
• WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification
• British National Formulary