1,3-di[4-(7-chloro-4-quinolyl)hexahydro-1-pyrazinyl]propane

ID: ALA303933

Chembl Id: CHEMBL303933

Cas Number: 1261394-71-1

PubChem CID: 122262

Max Phase: Phase

Molecular Formula: C29H32Cl2N6

Molecular Weight: 535.52

Molecule Type: Small molecule

Associated Items:

Names and Identifiers

Synonyms: Piperaquine | Piperaquinoline | piperaquine|4085-31-8|Piperaquine phosphate|Piperaquinoline|1,3-Bis(4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propane|Piperaquine-d6|7-chloro-4-[4-[3-[4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl]piperazin-1-yl]quinoline|4,4'-(propane-1,3-diyldipiperazine-4,1-diyl)bis(7-chloroquinoline)|Quinoline, 4,4'-(1,3-propanediyldi-4,1-piperazinediyl)bis[7-chloro-|A0HV2Q956Y|Quinoline, 4,4'-(1,3-propanediyldi-4,1-piperazinediyl)bis(7-chloro-|Quinoline, 4,4'-(trimethylenedi-4Show More

Synonyms from Alternative Forms(2): Piperaquine phosphate | Piperaquine tetraphosphate

Canonical SMILES:  Clc1ccc2c(N3CCN(CCCN4CCN(c5ccnc6cc(Cl)ccc56)CC4)CC3)ccnc2c1

Standard InChI:  InChI=1S/C29H32Cl2N6/c30-22-2-4-24-26(20-22)32-8-6-28(24)36-16-12-34(13-17-36)10-1-11-35-14-18-37(19-15-35)29-7-9-33-27-21-23(31)3-5-25(27)29/h2-9,20-21H,1,10-19H2

Standard InChI Key:  UCRHFBCYFMIWHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Alternative Forms

  1. Parent:

    ALA303933

    PIPERAQUINE
  2. Alternative Forms:

Associated Targets(Human)

Homo sapiens (32628 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CYP3A4 Tclin Cytochrome P450 3A4 (53859 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HDAC6 Tclin Histone deacetylase 6 (20808 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
KCNH2 Tclin HERG (29587 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADRB1 Tclin Beta-1 adrenergic receptor (6630 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADRB2 Tclin Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (11824 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SLC6A3 Tclin Dopamine transporter (10535 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CHRNA4 Tclin Neuronal acetylcholine receptor protein alpha-4 subunit (1265 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
OPRK1 Tclin Kappa opioid receptor (16155 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HTR2C Tclin Serotonin 2c (5-HT2c) receptor (11471 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADORA1 Tclin Adenosine A1 receptor (17603 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADORA3 Tchem Adenosine A3 receptor (15931 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CHRM1 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (12690 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CHRM3 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 (7750 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
DRD2 Tclin Dopamine D2 receptor (23596 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SLC29A1 Tclin Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (1711 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADRA2B Tclin Alpha-2b adrenergic receptor (4412 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SLC6A2 Tclin Norepinephrine transporter (10102 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
OPRM1 Tclin Mu opioid receptor (19785 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADRA2C Tclin Alpha-2c adrenergic receptor (4876 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HTR3A Tclin Serotonin 3a (5-HT3a) receptor (3366 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SLC6A4 Tclin Serotonin transporter (12625 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADORA2A Tclin Adenosine A2a receptor (16305 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
OPRD1 Tclin Delta opioid receptor (15096 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
TBXA2R Tclin Thromboxane A2 receptor (5717 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
MAOA Tclin Monoamine oxidase A (11911 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
AVPR1A Tclin Vasopressin V1a receptor (5412 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
AVPR2 Tclin Vasopressin V2 receptor (2912 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PTGS2 Tclin Cyclooxygenase-2 (13999 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ESR1 Tclin Estrogen receptor alpha (17718 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HRH2 Tclin Histamine H2 receptor (5428 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
BDKRB2 Tclin Bradykinin B2 receptor (3970 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CCKBR Tclin Cholecystokinin B receptor (3550 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GHSR Tclin Ghrelin receptor (6229 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
NR3C1 Tclin Glucocorticoid receptor (14987 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
AGTR1 Tclin Type-1 angiotensin II receptor (5176 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CCKAR Tclin Cholecystokinin A receptor (4460 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
EDNRA Tclin Endothelin receptor ET-A (5008 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
DRD1 Tclin Dopamine D1 receptor (9720 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
MC3R Tchem Melanocortin receptor 3 (5659 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE4D Tclin Phosphodiesterase 4D (3546 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
NPY1R Tchem Neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 (5019 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
NR1I2 Tchem Pregnane X receptor (6667 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
MLNR Tchem Motilin receptor (1724 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PDE3A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 3A (3309 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
DRD3 Tclin Dopamine D3 receptor (14368 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HRH3 Tclin Histamine H3 receptor (10389 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HRH1 Tclin Histamine H1 receptor (7573 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CHRM2 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (10671 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HTR1A Tclin Serotonin 1a (5-HT1a) receptor (14969 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADRA1A Tclin Alpha-1a adrenergic receptor (8359 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ADRA2A Tclin Alpha-2a adrenergic receptor (9450 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PGR Tclin Progesterone receptor (8562 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HTR2A Tclin Serotonin 2a (5-HT2a) receptor (14758 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HTR2B Tclin Serotonin 2b (5-HT2b) receptor (10323 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CNR1 Tclin Cannabinoid CB1 receptor (20913 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

Associated Targets(non-human)

Plasmodium falciparum (966862 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Mus musculus (284745 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Plasmodium berghei (192651 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Plasmodium vivax (152 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Plasmodium malariae (15 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Chikungunya virus (1339 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Cacna1c Voltage-gated L-type calcium channel alpha-1C subunit (1321 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Grin1 Glutamate (NMDA) receptor subunit zeta 1 (2166 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Gabra1 GABA receptor alpha-1 subunit (2848 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Ptgs1 Cyclooxygenase-1 (1373 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Ar Androgen Receptor (5522 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

Molecule Features

Natural Product: NoOral: NoChemical Probe: NoParenteral: No
Molecule Type: Small moleculeTopical: NoFirst In Class: NoBlack Box: No
Chirality: YesAvailability: NoProdrug: No

Drug Indications

MESH IDMESH Heading EFO IDsEFO TermsMax Phase for IndicationReferences

Mechanisms of Action

Mechanism of ActionAction Typetarget IDTarget NameTarget TypeTarget OrganismBinding Site NameReferences

Calculated Properties

Molecular Weight: 535.52Molecular Weight (Monoisotopic): 534.2066AlogP: 5.42#Rotatable Bonds: 6
Polar Surface Area: 38.74Molecular Species: NEUTRALHBA: 6HBD:
#RO5 Violations: 2HBA (Lipinski): 6HBD (Lipinski): #RO5 Violations (Lipinski): 2
CX Acidic pKa: CX Basic pKa: 8.47CX LogP: 5.27CX LogD: 3.87
Aromatic Rings: 4Heavy Atoms: 37QED Weighted: 0.33Np Likeness Score: -0.88

References

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3. Fivelman QL, Adagu IS, Warhurst DC..  (2007)  Effects of piperaquine, chloroquine, and amodiaquine on drug uptake and of these in combination with dihydroartemisinin against drug-sensitive and -resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains.,  51  (6): [PMID:17404003] [10.1128/aac.01479-06]
4. Karunajeewa HA, Ilett KF, Mueller I, Siba P, Law I, Page-Sharp M, Lin E, Lammey J, Batty KT, Davis TM..  (2008)  Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of piperaquine and chloroquine in Melanesian children with uncomplicated malaria.,  52  (1): [PMID:17967917] [10.1128/aac.00555-07]
5. Moore BR, Batty KT, Andrzejewski C, Jago JD, Page-Sharp M, Ilett KF..  (2008)  Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of piperaquine in a murine malaria model.,  52  (1): [PMID:17984231] [10.1128/aac.00878-07]
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7. Nsobya SL, Kiggundu M, Nanyunja S, Joloba M, Greenhouse B, Rosenthal PJ..  (2010)  In vitro sensitivities of Plasmodium falciparum to different antimalarial drugs in Uganda.,  54  (3): [PMID:20065051] [10.1128/aac.01412-09]
8. Tarning J, Ashley EA, Lindegardh N, Stepniewska K, Phaiphun L, Day NP, McGready R, Ashton M, Nosten F, White NJ..  (2008)  Population pharmacokinetics of piperaquine after two different treatment regimens with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand.,  52  (3): [PMID:18180343] [10.1128/aac.00955-07]
9. Russell B, Chalfein F, Prasetyorini B, Kenangalem E, Piera K, Suwanarusk R, Brockman A, Prayoga P, Sugiarto P, Cheng Q, Tjitra E, Anstey NM, Price RN..  (2008)  Determinants of in vitro drug susceptibility testing of Plasmodium vivax.,  52  (3): [PMID:18180357] [10.1128/aac.01334-07]
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11. Muangnoicharoen S, Johnson DJ, Looareesuwan S, Krudsood S, Ward SA..  (2009)  Role of known molecular markers of resistance in the antimalarial potency of piperaquine and dihydroartemisinin in vitro.,  53  (4): [PMID:19188388] [10.1128/aac.01656-08]
12. Nguyen DV, Nguyen QP, Nguyen ND, Le TT, Nguyen TD, Dinh DN, Nguyen TX, Bui D, Chavchich M, Edstein MD..  (2009)  Pharmacokinetics and ex vivo pharmacodynamic antimalarial activity of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Vietnam.,  53  (8): [PMID:19528277] [10.1128/aac.01717-08]
13. Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A..  (2009)  In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.,  53  (12): [PMID:19770282] [10.1128/aac.00638-09]
14. Briolant S, Henry M, Oeuvray C, Amalvict R, Baret E, Didillon E, Rogier C, Pradines B..  (2010)  Absence of association between piperaquine in vitro responses and polymorphisms in the pfcrt, pfmdr1, pfmrp, and pfnhe genes in Plasmodium falciparum.,  54  (9): [PMID:20547801] [10.1128/aac.00183-10]
15. Hasugian AR, Tjitra E, Ratcliff A, Siswantoro H, Kenangalem E, Wuwung RM, Purba HL, Piera KA, Chalfien F, Marfurt J, Penttinen PM, Russell B, Anstey NM, Price RN..  (2009)  In vivo and in vitro efficacy of amodiaquine monotherapy for treatment of infection by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax.,  53  (3): [PMID:19104023] [10.1128/aac.01511-08]
16. Masseno V, Muriithi S, Nzila A..  (2009)  In vitro chemosensitization of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarials by verapamil and probenecid.,  53  (7): [PMID:19364853] [10.1128/aac.01689-08]
17. Price RN, Marfurt J, Chalfein F, Kenangalem E, Piera KA, Tjitra E, Anstey NM, Russell B..  (2010)  In vitro activity of pyronaridine against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.,  54  (12): [PMID:20876370] [10.1128/aac.00801-10]
18. Siswantoro H, Russell B, Ratcliff A, Prasetyorini B, Chalfein F, Marfurt J, Kenangalem E, Wuwung M, Piera KA, Ebsworth EP, Anstey NM, Tjitra E, Price RN..  (2011)  In vivo and in vitro efficacy of chloroquine against Plasmodium malariae and P. ovale in Papua, Indonesia.,  55  (1): [PMID:20937779] [10.1128/aac.01122-10]
19. Marfurt J, Chalfein F, Prayoga P, Wabiser F, Kenangalem E, Piera KA, Fairlie DP, Tjitra E, Anstey NM, Andrews KT, Price RN..  (2011)  Ex vivo activity of histone deacetylase inhibitors against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax.,  55  (3): [PMID:21135175] [10.1128/aac.01220-10]
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22. Unpublished dataset, 
23. Ashton TD, Devine SM, Möhrle JJ, Laleu B, Burrows JN, Charman SA, Creek DJ, Sleebs BE..  (2019)  The Development Process for Discovery and Clinical Advancement of Modern Antimalarials.,  62  (23): [PMID:31385706] [10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00761]
24. Dodean RA, Kancharla P, Li Y, Melendez V, Read L, Bane CE, Vesely B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Black C, Li Q, Sciotti RJ, Olmeda R, Luong TL, Gaona H, Potter B, Sousa J, Marcsisin S, Caridha D, Xie L, Vuong C, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lin H, Butler K, Roncal N, Gaynor-Ohnstad L, Leed SE, Nolan C, Huezo SJ, Rasmussen SA, Stephens MT, Tan JC, Cooper RA, Smilkstein MJ, Pou S, Winter RW, Riscoe MK, Kelly JX..  (2019)  Discovery and Structural Optimization of Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials.,  62  (7): [PMID:30852885] [10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01961]
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26. Kancharla P, Dodean RA, Li Y, Pou S, Pybus B, Melendez V, Read L, Bane CE, Vesely B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Black C, Li Q, Sciotti RJ, Olmeda R, Luong TL, Gaona H, Potter B, Sousa J, Marcsisin S, Caridha D, Xie L, Vuong C, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lin H, Butler K, Roncal N, Gaynor-Ohnstad L, Leed SE, Nolan C, Ceja FG, Rasmussen SA, Tumwebaze PK, Rosenthal PJ, Mu J, Bayles BR, Cooper RA, Reynolds KA, Smilkstein MJ, Riscoe MK, Kelly JX..  (2020)  Lead Optimization of Second-Generation Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials.,  63  (11): [PMID:32390431] [10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00539]
27. Tibon NS,Ng CH,Cheong SL.  (2020)  Current progress in antimalarial pharmacotherapy and multi-target drug discovery.,  188  [PMID:31911292] [10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111983]
28. Bernhard Ellinger, Justus Dick, Vanessa Lage-Rupprecht, Bruce Schultz, Andrea Zaliani, Marcin Namysl, Stephan Gebel, Ole Pless, Jeanette Reinshagen, Christian Ebeling, Alexander Esser, Marc Jacobs, Carsten Claussen, and Martin Hofmann-Apitius.  (2021)  HDAC6 screening dataset using tau-based substrate in an enzymatic assay yields selective inhibitors and activators,  [10.6019/CHEMBL4808148]
29. Van de Walle T, Cools L, Mangelinckx S, D'hooghe M..  (2021)  Recent contributions of quinolines to antimalarial and anticancer drug discovery research.,  226  [PMID:34655985] [10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113865]
30. Puhl AC, Fernandes RS, Godoy AS, Gil LHVG, Oliva G, Ekins S..  (2023)  The protein disulfide isomerase inhibitor 3-methyltoxoflavin inhibits Chikungunya virus.,  83  [PMID:36940609] [10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117239]
31. Sutherland JJ, Yonchev D, Fekete A, Urban L..  (2023)  A preclinical secondary pharmacology resource illuminates target-adverse drug reaction associations of marketed drugs.,  14  (1): [PMID:37468498] [10.1038/s41467-023-40064-9]