PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE

ID: ALA748

Max Phase: Approved

First Approval: 1964

Molecular Formula: C7H9ClN2O

Molecular Weight: 137.16

Molecule Type: Small molecule

Associated Items:

Representations

Synonyms (7): 2-PAM | 2-PAM Chloride | Pralidoxime chloride | Protopam | 2-PAM | 2-PAM CHLORIDE | NSC-164614
Synonyms from Alternative Forms(7):

    Trade Names(7): 2-Pam | Contrathion | Duodote | Pralidoxime chloride | Pralidoxime chloride (autoinjector) | Protopam | Protopam chloride

    Canonical SMILES:  C[n+]1ccccc1/C=N/O.[Cl-]

    Standard InChI:  InChI=1S/C7H8N2O.ClH/c1-9-5-3-2-4-7(9)6-8-10;/h2-6H,1H3;1H

    Standard InChI Key:  HIGSLXSBYYMVKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

    Associated Targets(Human)

    Acetylcholinesterase 18204 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Homo sapiens 32628 Activities

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    Chromobox protein homolog 1 92434 Activities

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    GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran/Importin subunit beta-1/Snurportin-1 21853 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Serotonin 6 (5-HT6) receptor 9749 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Serotonin transporter 12625 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Sigma opioid receptor 6358 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Neurokinin 1 receptor 6273 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Neurokinin 2 receptor 3341 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Thromboxane-A synthase 3355 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 6262 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 1 1904 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Vasopressin V1a receptor 5412 Activities

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    Adenosine A1 receptor 17603 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Adenosine A2a receptor 16305 Activities

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    Adenosine A3 receptor 15931 Activities

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    Alpha-1d adrenergic receptor 4171 Activities

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    Alpha-2a adrenergic receptor 9450 Activities

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    Alpha-2b adrenergic receptor 4412 Activities

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    Alpha-2c adrenergic receptor 4876 Activities

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    Beta-1 adrenergic receptor 6630 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Beta-2 adrenergic receptor 11824 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Beta-3 adrenergic receptor 5850 Activities

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    Norepinephrine transporter 10102 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Angiotensin II type 2 (AT-2) receptor 2549 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Bradykinin B2 receptor 3970 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Calcitonin receptor 2215 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Cannabinoid CB1 receptor 20913 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Carbonic anhydrase II 17698 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    C-C chemokine receptor type 2 5628 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    C-C chemokine receptor type 4 2819 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    C-C chemokine receptor type 5 5640 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Interleukin-8 receptor A 2256 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Interleukin-8 receptor B 3491 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Cholecystokinin A receptor 4460 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Cyclooxygenase-1 9233 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Cyclooxygenase-2 13999 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Cytochrome P450 1A2 26471 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Cytochrome P450 2A6 2861 Activities

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    Cytochrome P450 2C19 29246 Activities

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    Cytochrome P450 2C9 32119 Activities

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    Cytochrome P450 2D6 33882 Activities

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    Cytochrome P450 2E1 2174 Activities

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    Cytochrome P450 3A4 53859 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Dopamine D1 receptor 9720 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Dopamine D2 receptor 23596 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Dopamine D3 receptor 14368 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Dopamine D4 receptor 7907 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Dopamine transporter 10535 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Endothelin receptor ET-A 5008 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Estrogen receptor alpha 17718 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Estrogen receptor beta 9272 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Glucocorticoid receptor 14987 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Histamine H1 receptor 7573 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Histamine H2 receptor 5428 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    HMG-CoA reductase 2475 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 2118 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Melanocortin receptor 3 5659 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Melanocortin receptor 4 10016 Activities

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    Melanocortin receptor 5 4283 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Monoamine oxidase A 11911 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 12690 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 10671 Activities

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    Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 7750 Activities

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    Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 6041 Activities

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    Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 4677 Activities

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    Neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 5019 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Neuropeptide Y receptor type 2 3731 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Delta opioid receptor 15096 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Kappa opioid receptor 16155 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Mu opioid receptor 19785 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Phosphodiesterase 5A 5113 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Platelet activating factor receptor 2575 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    HERG 29587 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Caspase-1 6235 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Cathepsin G 2304 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Leukocyte elastase 8173 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Matrix metalloproteinase-1 7046 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Matrix metalloproteinase 9 6779 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Protein kinase C alpha 5923 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    MAP kinase ERK1 4725 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    MAP kinase ERK2 25055 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    MAP kinase p38 alpha 12866 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit, alpha isoform 1831 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 33727 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Tyrosine-protein kinase FYN 5308 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase erbB-2 7851 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Tyrosine-protein kinase LCK 9212 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Leukocyte common antigen 2317 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Serotonin 2a (5-HT2a) receptor 14758 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Serotonin 2b (5-HT2b) receptor 10323 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Serotonin 2c (5-HT2c) receptor 11471 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 16997 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Geminin 128009 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 1 22556 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase 38016 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Butyrylcholinesterase 7174 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Associated Targets(non-human)

    Rattus norvegicus 775804 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Mus musculus 284745 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Acetylcholinesterase 1323 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Acetylcholinesterase 12221 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Acetylcholinesterase 1035 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Choline acetylase 192 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 91 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor 20 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Anguilliformes 23 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Acetylcholinesterase 2577 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Brain 4256 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Acetylcholinesterase 8 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Acetylcholinesterase 135 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Plasmodium falciparum 966862 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Serotonin 4 (5-HT4) receptor 2870 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Androgen Receptor 5522 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Alpha-1a adrenergic receptor 3346 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Alpha-1b adrenergic receptor 2470 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Aldose reductase 4007 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Glycine receptor 1745 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Insulin receptor 1750 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Leukotriene C4 synthase 1746 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase 2064 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Nitric-oxide synthase, brain 2987 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Nitric oxide synthase, inducible 3573 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Progesterone receptor 1742 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2863 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Serotonin 1a (5-HT1a) receptor 8655 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Serotonin 1b (5-HT1b) receptor 2343 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Plasma 810 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    SARS-CoV-2 38078 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Candida albicans 78123 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Cryptococcus neoformans 21258 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Escherichia coli 133304 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Klebsiella pneumoniae 43867 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa 123386 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Acinetobacter baumannii 41033 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Staphylococcus aureus 210822 Activities

    Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

    Molecule Features

    Natural Product: NoOral: YesChemical Probe: NoParenteral: Yes
    Molecule Type: Small moleculeTopical: NoFirst In Class: NoBlack Box: No
    Chirality: YesAvailability: YesProdrug: No

    Drug Indications

    MESH IDMESH Heading EFO IDsEFO TermsMax Phase for IndicationReferences

    Mechanisms of Action

    Mechanism of ActionAction Typetarget IDTarget NameTarget TypeTarget OrganismBinding Site NameReferences

    Properties

    Molecular Weight: 137.16Molecular Weight (Monoisotopic): 137.0709AlogP: 0.32#Rotatable Bonds: 1
    Polar Surface Area: 36.47Molecular Species: NEUTRALHBA: 2HBD: 1
    #RO5 Violations: 0HBA (Lipinski): 3HBD (Lipinski): 1#RO5 Violations (Lipinski): 0
    CX Acidic pKa: 7.63CX Basic pKa: CX LogP: -3.26CX LogD: -3.44
    Aromatic Rings: 1Heavy Atoms: 10QED Weighted: 0.26Np Likeness Score: -0.40

    References

    1. Gray AP, Platz RD, Chang TC, Leverone TR, Ferrick DA, Kramer DN..  (1985)  Synthesis of some quaternary ammonium alkylating agents and their effects on soman-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.,  28  (1): [PMID:3965704] [10.1021/jm00379a020]
    2. Goff DA, Koolpe GA, Kelson AB, Vu HM, Taylor DL, Bedford CD, Musallam HA, Koplovitz I, Harris RN..  (1991)  Quaternary salts of 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]imidazole. 4. Effect of various side-chain substituents on therapeutic activity against anticholinesterase intoxication.,  34  (4): [PMID:2016711] [10.1021/jm00108a019]
    3. Koolpe GA, Lovejoy SM, Goff DA, Lin KY, Leung DS, Bedford CD, Musallam HA, Koplovitz I, Harris RN..  (1991)  Quaternary salts of 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]imidazole. 5. Structure-activity relationships for side-chain nitro-, sulfone-, amino-, and aminosulfonyl-substituted analogues for therapy against anticholinesterase intoxication.,  34  (4): [PMID:2016712] [10.1021/jm00108a020]
    4. Bedford CD, Harris RN, Howd RA, Miller A, Nolen HW, Kenley RA..  (1984)  Structure-activity relationships for reactivators of organophosphorus-inhibited acetylcholinesterase: quaternary salts of 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]imidazole.,  27  (11): [PMID:6492073] [10.1021/jm00377a010]
    5. Bedford CD, Howd RA, Dailey OD, Miller A, Nolen HW, Kenley RA, Kern JR, Winterle JS..  (1986)  Nonquaternary cholinesterase reactivators. 3. 3(5)-Substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5(3)-aldoximes and 1,2,4-oxadiazole-5(3)-thiocarbohydroximates as reactivators of organophosphonate-inhibited eel and human acetylcholinesterase in vitro.,  29  (11): [PMID:3783578] [10.1021/jm00161a008]
    6. Kuca K, Bielavský J, Cabal J, Kassa J..  (2003)  Synthesis of a new reactivator of tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.,  13  (20): [PMID:14505667] [10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00751-0]
    7. Bedford CD, Harris RN, Howd RA, Goff DA, Koolpe GA, Petesch M, Miller A, Nolen HW, Musallam HA, Pick RO..  (1989)  Quaternary salts of 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]imidazole. 2. Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of 1-(alkoxymethyl)-2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-3-methylimida zolium halides for reactivation of organophosphorus-inhibited acetylcholinesterases.,  32  (2): [PMID:2913310] [10.1021/jm00122a034]
    8. Bedford CD, Harris RN, Howd RA, Goff DA, Koolpe GA, Petesch M, Koplovitz I, Sultan WE, Musallam HA..  (1989)  Quaternary salts of 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]imidazole. 3. Synthesis and evaluation of (alkenyloxy)-, (alkynyloxy)-, and (aralkyloxy)methyl quaternarized 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1-alkylimidazolium halides as reactivators and therapy for soman intoxication.,  32  (2): [PMID:2913311] [10.1021/jm00122a035]
    9. Degorre F, Kiffer D, Terrier F..  (1988)  Sulfur derivatives of 2-oxopropanal oxime as reactivators of organophosphate-inhibited acetylcholinesterase in vitro: synthesis and structure-reactivity relationships.,  31  (4): [PMID:3351852] [10.1021/jm00399a012]
    10. Musilek K, Kuca K, Jun D, Dohnal V, Dolezal M, Dolezal M..  (2006)  Synthesis of the novel series of bispyridinium compounds bearing (E)-but-2-ene linker and evaluation of their reactivation activity against chlorpyrifos-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.,  16  (3): [PMID:16288867] [10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.10.059]
    11. Srinivas Rao C, Venkateswarlu V, Achaiah G..  (2006)  Quaternary salts of 4,3' and 4,4' bis-pyridinium monooximes. Part 2: synthesis and biological activity.,  16  (8): [PMID:16481169] [10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.01.065]
    12. Musilek K, Holas O, Kuca K, Jun D, Dohnal V, Dolezal M, Dolezal M..  (2006)  Synthesis of asymmetrical bispyridinium compounds bearing cyano-moiety and evaluation of their reactivation activity against tabun and paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.,  16  (21): [PMID:16934462] [10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.08.011]
    13. Musilek K, Holas O, Jun D, Dohnal V, Gunn-Moore F, Opletalova V, Dolezal M, Dolezal M, Kuca K..  (2007)  Monooxime reactivators of acetylcholinesterase with (E)-but-2-ene linker: preparation and reactivation of tabun- and paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.,  15  (21): [PMID:17764957] [10.1016/j.bmc.2007.08.002]
    14. Musilek K, Jun D, Cabal J, Kassa J, Gunn-Moore F, Kuca K..  (2007)  Design of a potent reactivator of tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase--synthesis and evaluation of (E)-1-(4-carbamoylpyridinium)-4-(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-but-2-ene dibromide (K203).,  50  (22): [PMID:17924614] [10.1021/jm070653r]
    15. Musilek K, Holas O, Kuca K, Jun D, Dohnal V, Opletalova V, Dolezal M, Dolezal M..  (2007)  Novel series of bispyridinium compounds bearing a (Z)-but-2-ene linker--synthesis and evaluation of their reactivation activity against tabun and paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.,  17  (11): [PMID:17383875] [10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.03.025]
    16. Musilek K, Kucera J, Jun D, Dohnal V, Opletalova V, Kuca K..  (2008)  Monoquaternary pyridinium salts with modified side chain-synthesis and evaluation on model of tabun- and paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.,  16  (17): [PMID:18676153] [10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.036]
    17. Acharya J, Gupta AK, Mazumder A, Dubey DK..  (2009)  In-vitro regeneration of sarin inhibited electric eel acetylcholinesterase by bis-pyridinium oximes bearing xylene linker.,  44  (3): [PMID:18396355] [10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.02.020]
    18. Acharya J, Gupta AK, Dubey DK, Raza SK..  (2009)  Synthesis and evaluation of novel bis-pyridinium oximes as reactivators of DFP-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.,  44  (3): [PMID:18396353] [10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.02.029]
    19. Jeong HC, Kang NS, Park NJ, Yum EK, Jung YS..  (2009)  Reactivation potency of fluorinated pyridinium oximes for acetylcholinesterases inhibited by paraoxon organophosphorus agent.,  19  (4): [PMID:19124241] [10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.12.070]
    20. Jeong HC, Park NJ, Chae CH, Musilek K, Kassa J, Kuca K, Jung YS..  (2009)  Fluorinated pyridinium oximes as potential reactivators for acetylcholinesterases inhibited by paraoxon organophosphorus agent.,  17  (17): [PMID:19665386] [10.1016/j.bmc.2009.07.043]
    21. PubChem BioAssay data set, 
    22. Unpublished dataset, 
    23. Acharya J, Rana H, Kaushik MP..  (2011)  Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of xylene linked carbamoyl bis-pyridinium monooximes as reactivators of organophosphorus (OP) inhibited electric eel acetylcholinesterase (AChE).,  46  (9): [PMID:21703732] [10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.05.064]
    24. PubChem BioAssay data set, 
    25. Scott S. Auerbach, DrugMatrix¨ and ToxFX¨ Coordinator National Toxicology Program. DrugMatrix in vitro pharmacology data, 
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