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daunorubicin , DNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitor, CAS No.20830-81-3, DNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitor

CAS#: 20830-81-3
Formula: C₂₇H₂₉NO₁₀
Molecular Weight: 527.5
EC Number: 245-723-4,244-069-7
PubChem CID: 30323

Item Number

D609748

Grouped product items
SKU	Size	Availability	Price	Qty
D609748-1mg	1mg	Available within 8-12 weeks(?) Production requires sourcing of materials. We appreciate your patience and understanding.	$2,000.90
D609748-5mg	5mg	Available within 8-12 weeks(?) Production requires sourcing of materials. We appreciate your patience and understanding.	$4,000.90

Basic Description

Synonyms	daunorubicin \| Daunomycin \| 20830-81-3 \| Acetyladriamycin \| Leukaemomycin C \| Rubidomycin \| Cerubidine \| (+)-Daunomycin \| DaunoXome \| Daunorubicinum \| Daunorubicine \| Cerubidin \| RP 13057 \| Rubomycin C \| FI 6339 \| Daunorubicin (INN) \| NSC-82151 \| Daunarubicinum \| Daunorrubicina \| DaunoXome (T
Specifications & Purity	Moligand™
Grade	Moligand™
Action Type	INHIBITOR
Mechanism of action	DNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitor

Product Properties

ALogP	1.8

Associated Targets(Human)

ABCC1 Tchem Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (2 Activities)

Discover Target: ABCC1

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

PDE5A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 5A (5113 Activities)

Discover Target: PDE5A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

DHFR Tclin Dihydrofolate reductase (3072 Activities)

Discover Target: DHFR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

EGFR Tclin Epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 (33727 Activities)

Discover Target: EGFR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CA2 Tclin Carbonic anhydrase II (17698 Activities)

Discover Target: CA2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ESR1 Tclin Estrogen receptor alpha (17718 Activities)

Discover Target: ESR1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HMGCR Tclin HMG-CoA reductase (2475 Activities)

Discover Target: HMGCR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

NR3C1 Tclin Glucocorticoid receptor (14987 Activities)

Discover Target: NR3C1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

INSR Tclin Insulin receptor (5558 Activities)

Discover Target: INSR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PGR Tclin Progesterone receptor (8562 Activities)

Discover Target: PGR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PRSS1 Tclin Trypsin I (2306 Activities)

Discover Target: PRSS1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRB2 Tclin Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (11824 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRB2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CHRM2 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (10671 Activities)

Discover Target: CHRM2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRB1 Tclin Beta-1 adrenergic receptor (6630 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRB1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HTR1A Tclin Serotonin 1a (5-HT1a) receptor (14969 Activities)

Discover Target: HTR1A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRA2A Tclin Alpha-2a adrenergic receptor (9450 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRA2A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

AR Tclin Androgen Receptor (11781 Activities)

Discover Target: AR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CHRM1 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (12690 Activities)

Discover Target: CHRM1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

TOP1 Tclin DNA topoisomerase I (7553 Activities)

Discover Target: TOP1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

TOP2A Tclin DNA topoisomerase II alpha (6317 Activities)

Discover Target: TOP2A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

VDR Tclin Vitamin D receptor (26531 Activities)

Discover Target: VDR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ACE Tclin Angiotensin-converting enzyme (1423 Activities)

Discover Target: ACE

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

DRD2 Tclin Dopamine D2 receptor (23596 Activities)

Discover Target: DRD2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GABRA1 Tclin GABA receptor alpha-1 subunit (399 Activities)

Discover Target: GABRA1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

MAOA Tclin Monoamine oxidase A (11911 Activities)

Discover Target: MAOA

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CNR1 Tclin Cannabinoid CB1 receptor (20913 Activities)

Discover Target: CNR1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

DRD1 Tclin Dopamine D1 receptor (9720 Activities)

Discover Target: DRD1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

DRD4 Tchem Dopamine D4 receptor (7907 Activities)

Discover Target: DRD4

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ACHE Tclin Acetylcholinesterase (18204 Activities)

Discover Target: ACHE

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PTGS1 Tclin Cyclooxygenase-1 (9233 Activities)

Discover Target: PTGS1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SLC6A2 Tclin Norepinephrine transporter (10102 Activities)

Discover Target: SLC6A2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HRH2 Tclin Histamine H2 receptor (5428 Activities)

Discover Target: HRH2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRA1D Tclin Alpha-1d adrenergic receptor (4171 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRA1D

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

MAOB Tclin Monoamine oxidase B (8835 Activities)

Discover Target: MAOB

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HTR1B Tclin Serotonin 1b (5-HT1b) receptor (2801 Activities)

Discover Target: HTR1B

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HTR2A Tclin Serotonin 2a (5-HT2a) receptor (14758 Activities)

Discover Target: HTR2A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HTR2C Tclin Serotonin 2c (5-HT2c) receptor (11471 Activities)

Discover Target: HTR2C

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

AVPR2 Tclin Vasopressin V2 receptor (2912 Activities)

Discover Target: AVPR2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADORA1 Tclin Adenosine A1 receptor (17603 Activities)

Discover Target: ADORA1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

AGTR1 Tclin Type-1 angiotensin II receptor (5176 Activities)

Discover Target: AGTR1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CALCR Tclin Calcitonin receptor (2215 Activities)

Discover Target: CALCR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SLC6A4 Tclin Serotonin transporter (12625 Activities)

Discover Target: SLC6A4

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRA1A Tclin Alpha-1a adrenergic receptor (8359 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRA1A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PTGS2 Tclin Cyclooxygenase-2 (13999 Activities)

Discover Target: PTGS2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HRH1 Tclin Histamine H1 receptor (7573 Activities)

Discover Target: HRH1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRA1B Tclin Alpha-1b adrenergic receptor (2912 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRA1B

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

OPRM1 Tclin Mu opioid receptor (19785 Activities)

Discover Target: OPRM1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

DRD3 Tclin Dopamine D3 receptor (14368 Activities)

Discover Target: DRD3

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PPARG Tclin Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (15191 Activities)

Discover Target: PPARG

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

AVPR1A Tclin Vasopressin V1a receptor (5412 Activities)

Discover Target: AVPR1A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

OPRD1 Tclin Delta opioid receptor (15096 Activities)

Discover Target: OPRD1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Associated Targets(non-human)

pol Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (18245 Activities)

Discover Target: pol

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Agtr2 Angiotensin II type 2 (AT-2) receptor (803 Activities)

Discover Target: Agtr2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mc4r Melanocortin receptor 4 (1205 Activities)

Discover Target: Mc4r

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Ltc4s Leukotriene C4 synthase (1 Activities)

Discover Target: Ltc4s

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Sigmar1 Sigma opioid receptor (160 Activities)

Discover Target: Sigmar1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Ttr Transthyretin (14 Activities)

Discover Target: Ttr

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Npy1r Neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 (8 Activities)

Discover Target: Npy1r

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Cckar Cholecystokinin A receptor (90 Activities)

Discover Target: Cckar

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Pde4d Phosphodiesterase 4D (4 Activities)

Discover Target: Pde4d

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Abcc1 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (42 Activities)

Discover Target: Abcc1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Abcb1b P-glycoprotein 1 (174 Activities)

Discover Target: Abcb1b

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Nos2 Nitric oxide synthase, inducible (3573 Activities)

Discover Target: Nos2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mapk1 MAP kinase ERK2 (650 Activities)

Discover Target: Mapk1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mmp2 Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (12 Activities)

Discover Target: Mmp2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Hdac1 Histone deacetylase 1 (93 Activities)

Discover Target: Hdac1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Hdac6 Histone deacetylase 6 (222 Activities)

Discover Target: Hdac6

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mmp9 Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (38 Activities)

Discover Target: Mmp9

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HD1 Histone deacetylase (38 Activities)

Discover Target: HD1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Salmonella typhimurium (15756 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Staphylococcus aureus (210822 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Staphylococcus epidermidis (22802 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Escherichia coli (133304 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Streptococcus pyogenes (16140 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Bacillus subtilis (32866 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (19171 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Bacillus cereus (7522 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Corynebacterium diphtheriae (64 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Plasmodium falciparum (966862 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Leishmania major (2877 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Leishmania tropica (461 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Plasmodium berghei (192651 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mus musculus (284745 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Rattus norvegicus (775804 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

B16 (5829 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

BHK-21 (725 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CHO (4503 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

L1210 (27553 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

L5178Y (1809 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

MEF (1005 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

P388 (20296 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

P388/ADR (1216 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Sarcoma-180 (387 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Vero (26788 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

WALKER (4 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

YOSHIDA (16 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

C6 (2371 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

NIH3T3 (5395 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Lewis lung carcinoma cell line (1243 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Calf thymus DNA (4845 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

4T1 (1737 Activities)

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Names and Identifiers

IUPAC Name	(7S,9S)-9-acetyl-7-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione
INCHI	InChI=1S/C27H29NO10/c1-10-22(30)14(28)7-17(37-10)38-16-9-27(35,11(2)29)8-13-19(16)26(34)21-20(24(13)32)23(31)12-5-4-6-15(36-3)18(12)25(21)33/h4-6,10,14,16-17,22,30,32,34-35H,7-9,28H2,1-3H3/t10-,14-,16-,17-,22+,27-/m0/s1
InChi Key	STQGQHZAVUOBTE-VGBVRHCVSA-N
Canonical SMILES	CC1C(C(CC(O1)OC2CC(CC3=C2C(=C4C(=C3O)C(=O)C5=C(C4=O)C(=CC=C5)OC)O)(C(=O)C)O)N)O
Isomeric SMILES	C[C@H]1[C@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](O1)O[C@H]2C[C@@](CC3=C2C(=C4C(=C3O)C(=O)C5=C(C4=O)C(=CC=C5)OC)O)(C(=O)C)O)N)O
Alternate CAS	23541-50-6,20830-81-3
PubChem CID	30323
NSC Number	756717
MeSH Entry Terms	Cerubidine;Dauno Rubidomycine;Dauno-Rubidomycine;Daunoblastin;Daunoblastine;Daunomycin;Daunorubicin;Daunorubicin Hydrochloride;Hydrochloride, Daunorubicin;NSC 82151;NSC-82151;NSC82151;Rubidomycin;Rubomycin
Molecular Weight	527.5

Database links

DrugBank Ligand	DB00694
PubChem CID	30323
CAS Registry No.	20830-81-3
ChEMBL Ligand	CHEMBL178
Wikipedia	Daunorubicin
ChEBI	CHEBI:41977
RCSB PDB Ligand	DM1
Immunopaedia Search	daunorubicin
DrugCentral Ligand	786

Certificates

Certificate of Analysis(COA)

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Safety and Hazards(GHS)

Pictogram(s)	GHS06, GHS08
Signal	Danger
Hazard Statements	H301:Toxic if swallowed H341:Suspected of causing genetic defects H351:Suspected of causing cancer H361:Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child
Precautionary Statements	P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P321:Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P405:Store locked up. P501:Dispose of contents/container to ... P264:Wash hands [and …] thoroughly after handling. P281:Use personal protective equipment as required. P270:Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P330:Rinse mouth. P203:Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use. P301+P316:IF SWALLOWED: Get emergency medical help immediately. P318:if exposed or concerned, get medical advice.

Citations of This Product

1. Wu Yan, Zhao Wanying, Wu Xinyu, Gan Jian, Zhang Haiqiao, Cai Yijing. (2021) A Superhydrophobic Moso Bamboo Cellulose Nano-Fibril Film Modified by Dopamine Hydrochloride. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 9 [PMID:34746109]

References

1. Wu Yan, Zhao Wanying, Wu Xinyu, Gan Jian, Zhang Haiqiao, Cai Yijing. (2021) A Superhydrophobic Moso Bamboo Cellulose Nano-Fibril Film Modified by Dopamine Hydrochloride. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 9 [PMID:34746109]

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