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Activity Type | Activity Value -log(M) | Mechanism of Action | Activity Reference | Publications (PubMed IDs) |
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SKU | Size | Availability | Price | Qty |
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E101622-0.5mg | 0.5mg | Available within 4-8 weeks(?) Items will be manufactured post-order and can take 4-8 weeks. Thank you for your patience! | $192.90 | |
E101622-1mg | 1mg | Available within 4-8 weeks(?) Items will be manufactured post-order and can take 4-8 weeks. Thank you for your patience! | $319.90 | |
E101622-5mg | 5mg | Available within 4-8 weeks(?) Items will be manufactured post-order and can take 4-8 weeks. Thank you for your patience! | $961.90 |
Potent, selective GLP-1 receptor antagonist
Synonyms | 133514-43-9 | Avexitide | Exendin (9-39) | Exendin-3 (9-39) | Asp-LEU-SER-LYS-GLN-MET-GLU-GLU-GLU-ALA-VAL-ARG-LEU-PHE-ILE-GLU-TR | p | -LEU-LYS-ASN-GLY-GLY-PRO-SER-SER-GLY-ALA-PRO-PRO-PRO-SER-NH2 | Exendin-3 (9-39) amide | ASP-LEU-SER-LYS-GLN-MET-GLU-GLU-GLU-ALA-VAL-ARG- |
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Specifications & Purity | Moligand™, ≥95%(HPLC) |
Biochemical and Physiological Mechanisms | GLP-1 (Glukagon-like peptide-1) receptor antagonist. Competitive inhibitor of exendin-3 and exendin-4.Potent, selective GLP-1 receptor antagonist (K d = 1.7 nM). Inhibits the generation of intracellular cAMP induced by GLP-1 (7-36), exendin-3 and exendin- |
Storage Temp | Store at -20°C |
Shipped In | Ice chest + Ice pads |
Grade | Moligand™ |
Action Type | ANTAGONIST |
Mechanism of action | Antagonist of GLP-1 receptor |
Note | Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20°C. Generally, these will be useable for up to one week. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour. Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please visit our frequently asked questions (FAQ) page for more details. |
Product Description | Amino Acid Sequence Asp-Leu-Ser-Lys-Gln-Met-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ala-Val-Arg-Leu-Phe-Ile-Glu-Trp-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-Gly-Pro-Ser-Ser-Gly-Ala-Pro-Pro-Pro-Ser-NH2 Exendin Fragment 9-39 is an antagonist of Glukagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor, and also acts as an inhibitor of glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)-receptor binding. It also prevents the production of cAMP by GIP. GLP-1, along with GIP, acts as a physiological incretin. |
Activity Type | Activity Value -log(M) | Mechanism of Action | Activity Reference | Publications (PubMed IDs) |
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Activity Type | Relation | Activity value | Units | Action Type | Journal | PubMed Id | doi | Assay Aladdin ID |
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IUPAC Name | (4S)-4-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-5-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[2-[[2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-amino-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid |
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INCHI | InChI=1S/C149H234N40O47S/c1-14-78(10)120(185-139(227)98(62-81-29-16-15-17-30-81)177-136(224)97(61-76(6)7)175-129(217)88(35-24-53-158-149(156)157)172-144(232)119(77(8)9)184-122(210)79(11)164-126(214)90(41-46-114(199)200)168-131(219)91(42-47-115(201)202)169-132(220)92(43-48-116(203)204)170-134(222)94(50-58-237-13)171-130(218)89(40-45-109(153)194)167-127(215)86(33-20-22-51-150)166-140(228)103(72-192)182-137(225)95(59-74(2)3)174-123(211)84(152)64-118(207)208)145(233)173-93(44-49-117(205)206)133(221)178-99(63-82-66-159-85-32-19-18-31-83(82)85)138(226)176-96(60-75(4)5)135(223)165-87(34-21-23-52-151)128(216)179-100(65-110(154)195)124(212)161-67-111(196)160-69-113(198)186-54-25-36-105(186)142(230)183-104(73-193)141(229)181-102(71-191)125(213)162-68-112(197)163-80(12)146(234)188-56-27-38-107(188)148(236)189-57-28-39-108(189)147(235)187-55-26-37-106(187)143(231)180-101(70-190)121(155)209/h15-19,29-32,66,74-80,84,86-108,119-120,159,190-193H,14,20-28,33-65,67-73,150-152H2,1-13H3,(H2,153,194)(H2,154,195)(H2,155,209)(H,160,196)(H,161,212)(H,162,213)(H,163,197)(H,164,214)(H,165,223)(H,166,228)(H,167,215)(H,168,219)(H,169,220)(H,170,222)(H,171,218)(H,172,232)(H,173,233)(H,174,211)(H,175,217)(H,176,226)(H,177,224)(H,178,221)(H,179,216)(H,180,231)(H,181,229)(H,182,225)(H,183,230)(H,184,210)(H,185,227)(H,199,200)(H,201,202)(H,203,204)(H,205,206)(H,207,208)(H4,156,157,158)/t78-,79-,80-,84-,86-,87-,88-,89-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-,119-,120-/m0/s1 |
InChi Key | WSEVKKHALHSUMB-MVNVRWBSSA-N |
Canonical SMILES | CCC(C)C(C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)NC(CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CC(=O)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N3CCCC3C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(C)C(=O)N4CCCC4C(=O)N5CCCC5C(=O)N6CCCC6C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)N)NC(=O)C(CC7=CC=CC=C7)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CCSC)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(=O)O)N |
Isomeric SMILES | CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N3CCC[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N4CCC[C@H]4C(=O)N5CCC[C@H]5C(=O)N6CCC[C@H]6C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC7=CC=CC=C7)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)N |
WGK Germany | 3 |
PubChem CID | 16198321 |
Molecular Weight | 3369.76 |
PubChem CID | 129012199 |
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CAS Registry No. | 133514-43-9 |
GPCRdb Ligand | exendin-(9-39) |
Enter Lot Number to search for COA:
WGK Germany | 3 |
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1. Ng CM, Tang F, Seeholzer SH, Zou Y, De León DD. (2018) Population pharmacokinetics of exendin-(9-39) and clinical dose selection in patients with congenital hyperinsulinism.. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 84 (3): (520-532). [PMID:29077992] |
2. Gasbjerg LS, Bergmann NC, Stensen S, Christensen MB, Rosenkilde MM, Holst JJ, Nauck M, Knop FK. (2020) Evaluation of the incretin effect in humans using GIP and GLP-1 receptor antagonists.. Peptides, 125 (3): (170183). [PMID:31693916] |
3. Tan M, Lamendola C, Luong R, McLaughlin T, Craig C. (2020) Safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of repeat subcutaneous dosing of avexitide (exendin 9-39) for treatment of post-bariatric hypoglycaemia.. Diabetes Obes Metab, 22 (8): (1406-1416). [PMID:32250530] |
4. Kim KS et al.. (2017) Activation of intestinal olfactory receptor stimulates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in enteroendocrine cells and attenuates hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic mice.. Sci Rep, 7 (13978). [PMID:29070885] |
5. Hwang I et al.. (2015) Alteration of gut microbiota by vancomycin and bacitracin improves insulin resistance via glucagon-like peptide 1 in diet-induced obesity.. FASEB J, 29 (6): (2397-411). [PMID:25713030] |
6. Kim KH et al.. (2018) Cucurbitacin B Induces Hypoglycemic Effect in Diabetic Mice by Regulation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Alpha and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 via Bitter Taste Receptor Signaling.. Front Pharmacol, 9 (1071). [PMID:30298009] |
7. Okabe K et al.. (2020) DPP (Dipeptidyl Peptidase)-4 Inhibitor Attenuates Ang II (Angiotensin II)-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy via GLP (Glucagon-Like Peptide)-1-Dependent Suppression of Nox (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase) 4-HDAC (Histone Deacetylase) 4 Pathway.. Hypertension, 75 (4): (991-1001). [PMID:32160098] |
8. Ohbayashi K et al.. (2021) Gastrointestinal Distension by Pectin-Containing Carbonated Solution Suppresses Food Intake and Enhances Glucose Tolerance via GLP-1 Secretion and Vagal Afferent Activation.. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 12 (676869). [PMID:34168616] |
9. Tu Y et al.. (2021) Geniposide Attenuates Hyperglycemia-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy.. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021 (9247947). [PMID:34938383] |
10. Saitoh Y et al.. (2021) Improvement of hepatocyte engraftment by co-transplantation with pancreatic islets in hepatocyte transplantation.. J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 15 (4): (361-374). [PMID:33484496] |