Fipronil - 10mM in DMSO, high purity , CAS No.120068-37-3

  • 10mM in DMSO
Item Number
F420887
Grouped product items
SKUSizeAvailabilityPrice Qty
F420887-1ml
1ml
Available within 8-12 weeks(?)
Production requires sourcing of materials. We appreciate your patience and understanding.
$69.90

Potent GABA-gated Cl channel blocker

Basic Description

Synonymsfipronil | 120068-37-3 | Termidor | Fipronil [ISO] | RM 1601 | MB 46030 | (+/-)-Fipronil | HSDB 7051 | NSC-758960 | UNII-QGH063955F | FRONTLINE | 5-amino-1-(2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4-((trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl)-1h-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile | DTXSID4034609 | CHEBI:833
Specifications & Purity10mM in DMSO
Biochemical and Physiological MechanismsPotent GABA-gated Cl channel blocker (IC 50 = 28 nM). Use as insecticide and in pesticide cytotoxicity studies. Apoptotic and necrotic potential. Active in vitro .
Storage TempStore at -80°C
Shipped InIce chest + Ice pads

Associated Targets(Human)

GABRB3 Tclin Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 (3 Activities)
Activity TypeActivity Value -log(M)Mechanism of ActionActivity ReferencePublications (PubMed IDs)
ESR1 Tclin Estrogen receptor alpha (17718 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
AR Tclin Androgen Receptor (11781 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
VDR Tclin Vitamin D receptor (26531 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GBA1 Tclin Beta-glucocerebrosidase (14647 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GABRB3 Tclin GABA receptor beta-3 subunit (28 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
NR1I2 Tchem Pregnane X receptor (6667 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GABRR1 Tchem GABA receptor rho-1 subunit (233 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
CYP3A4 Tclin Cytochrome P450 3A4 (53859 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
TP53 Tchem Cellular tumor antigen p53 (48468 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
TDP1 Tchem Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (345557 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SMN1 Tchem Survival motor neuron protein (34246 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
LMNA Tbio Prelamin-A/C (36751 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
PMP22 Tbio Peripheral myelin protein 22 (699 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
USP1 Tchem Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 1 (22556 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GABRA1 Tclin GABA-A receptor; alpha-1/beta-3/gamma-2 (1565 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GABRG2 Tclin GABA-A receptor; alpha-6/beta-3/gamma-2 (367 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GABRA1 Tclin GABA A receptor alpha-1/beta-1/gamma-2 (83 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GABRA1 Tclin Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1/ beta-1 (5 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GABRB3 Tclin Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6/beta-3 (3 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GABRA1 Tclin GABA-A receptor alpha-1/beta-3 (12 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

Associated Targets(non-human)

Ppard Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (358 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Hdac6 Histone deacetylase 6 (222 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Plasmodium falciparum (966862 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Ctenocephalides felis (292 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Musca domestica (713 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Mus musculus (284745 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Plutella xylostella (1838 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Rdl GABA receptor subunit (76 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
rep Replicase polyprotein 1ab (378 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Bemisia tabaci (599 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Nfe2l2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (214 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Rorc Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma (89407 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Gabrp GABA-A receptor; anion channel (5731 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Apolygus lucorum (74 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Cheumatopsyche (45 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Daphnia magna (43 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Trichogramma nubilale (84 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Reticulitermes flavipes (47 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Phloem (6 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SARS-CoV-2 (38078 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID

Mechanisms of Action

Mechanism of ActionAction Typetarget IDTarget NameTarget TypeTarget OrganismBinding Site NameReferences

Names and Identifiers

IUPAC Name 5-amino-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-(trifluoromethylsulfinyl)pyrazole-3-carbonitrile
INCHI InChI=1S/C12H4Cl2F6N4OS/c13-5-1-4(11(15,16)17)2-6(14)8(5)24-10(22)9(7(3-21)23-24)26(25)12(18,19)20/h1-2H,22H2
InChi Key ZOCSXAVNDGMNBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES C1=C(C=C(C(=C1Cl)N2C(=C(C(=N2)C#N)S(=O)C(F)(F)F)N)Cl)C(F)(F)F
Isomeric SMILES C1=C(C=C(C(=C1Cl)N2C(=C(C(=N2)C#N)S(=O)C(F)(F)F)N)Cl)C(F)(F)F
WGK Germany 3
RTECS UQ4430250
PubChem CID 3352
UN Number 2811
Molecular Weight 437.15
Beilstein 8090115
Reaxy-Rn 8090115

Certificates

Certificate of Analysis(COA)

Enter Lot Number to search for COA:

Chemical and Physical Properties

Melt Point(°C)196-201°C

Safety and Hazards(GHS)

Pictogram(s) GHS06,   GHS08,   GHS09
Signal Danger
Hazard Statements

H301:Toxic if swallowed

H311:Toxic in contact with skin

H331:Toxic if inhaled

H410:Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

H372:Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

Precautionary Statements

P261:Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray.

P273:Avoid release to the environment.

P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P301+P310:IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/...

P311:Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/...

P501:Dispose of contents/container to ...

WGK Germany 3
RTECS UQ4430250
Reaxy-Rn 8090115

Related Documents

Citations of This Product

1. Liran Tian, Xiangwei Song, Tianjiao Liu, Anfeng Li, Yang Ning, Xiuyi Hua, Deming Dong, Zhijun Song, Dapeng Liang.  (2023)  Spectrophotometric Determination of Acetamiprid Using Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) with Optimized Truncated Aptamers.  ANALYTICAL LETTERS,      [PMID:]
2. Xiaomu Qiao, Tianhao Zhou, Jing Zhang, Lixin Zhang, Yaobin Lu, Jia Huang.  (2023)  Functional validation of A2′N mutation of the RDL GABA receptor against fipronil via molecular modeling and genome engineering in drosophila.  PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE,      [PMID:38086568]
3. Ferry Saputra, Yu-Heng Lai, Marri Jmelou M. Roldan, Honeymae C. Alos, Charlaine A. Aventurado, Ross D. Vasquez, Chung-Der Hsiao.  (2023)  The Effect of the Pyrethroid Pesticide Fenpropathrin on the Cardiac Performance of Zebrafish and the Potential Mechanism of Toxicity.  Biology-Basel,  12  (9): (1214).  [PMID:37759613]
4. Shuqin Liu, Yiquan Huang, Yingming Duan, Zhangmin Xiang, Jian Liu, Xi Zhou, Zhiyong Chen.  (2024)  Volatile/semi-volatile metabolites profiling in living vegetables via a novel covalent triazine framework based solid-phase microextraction fiber coupled with GC-QTOF-MS.  FOOD CHEMISTRY,  430  (137064).  [PMID:37549619]
5. Liran Tian, Xiangwei Song, Tianjiao Liu, Anfeng Li, Yang Ning, Xiuyi Hua, Deming Dong, Dapeng Liang.  (2023)  A combined UV-visible with fluorescence detection method based on an unlabeled aptamer and AuNPs for the sensitive detection of acetamiprid.  NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY,  47  (16): (7722-7732).  [PMID:]
6. Yifan Li, Shujun Ni, Yunping Wang, Ruichi Li, Hong Sun, Xuan Ye, Zhen Tian, Yalin Zhang, Jiyuan Liu.  (2023)  The chemosensory protein 1 contributes to indoxacarb resistance in Plutella xylostella (L.).  PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE,      [PMID:36809665]
7. Yuhang Liu, Yi Zhang, Pran Gopal Karmaker, Yuting Tang, Lilei Zhang, Feng Huo, Ya Wang, Xiupei Yang.  (2022)  Dual-Color 2D Lead–Organic Framework with Two-Fold Interlocking Structures for the Detection of Nitrofuran Antibiotics and 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitroaniline.  ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,  14  (45): (51531–51544).  [PMID:36342338]
8. Xiaoyu Su, Zhiyu Chen, Huan Wang, Lei Yuan, Kaiyi Zheng, Wen Zhang, Xiaobo Zou.  (2022)  Ratiometric immunosensor with DNA tetrahedron nanostructure as high-performance carrier of reference signal and its applications in selective phoxim determination for vegetables.  FOOD CHEMISTRY,  383  (132445).  [PMID:35182867]
9. Liu Guangyan, Li Shiyu, Jiang Zejun, Li Jianping.  (2022)  A versatile and ultrasensitive molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor with HRP-encapsulated liposome labeled by light-triggered click reaction for pesticide residues.  MICROCHIMICA ACTA,  189  (1): (1-10).  [PMID:34935073]
10. Chen Shuqin, Huang Mengna, Huang Mianli, Feng Liang.  (2021)  Fluorometric determination of ziram using CsPbBr3 quantum dots.  MICROCHIMICA ACTA,  188  (11): (1-9).  [PMID:34677687]
11. Xu Jing, Jing Wu, Huihui Wang, Luyao Guo, Xiaojiao Zheng, Xiaowen Wang, Shuo Wang.  (2022)  Application of deep eutectic solvent-based extraction coupled with an S-CQD fluorescent sensor for the determination of pirimicarb in cereals.  FOOD CHEMISTRY,  370  (131360).  [PMID:34662796]
12. Xiuping He, Junhui Chen, Xiaotong Li, Jiuming Wang, Ming Xin, Xia Sun, Wei Cao, Baodong Wang.  (2021)  Pollution status, influencing factors and environmental risks of neonicotinoids, fipronil and its metabolites in a typical semi-closed bay in China.  ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION,  291  (118210).  [PMID:34582920]
13. Xin Pan, Zhangjun Wang, Chao Chen, Hui Li, Xianxin Li, Quanfeng Zhang, Xiufen Wang, Yanan Zhang.  (2020)  Research on the distribution of neonicotinoid and fipronil pollution in the Yangtze River by high-performance liquid chromatography.  Analytical Methods,  12  (46): (5581-5590).  [PMID:33165450]
14. Cong Wang, Yao Lin, Yichao Wang, Ting-Fu Jiang, Zhihua Lv.  (2021)  Determination of fipronil and its metabolites in chicken egg by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with 19F quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.  MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL,  160  (105547).  [PMID:]
15. Jing Zhao, Zhaorui Meng, Zexin Zhao, Longshan Zhao.  (2020)  Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent as green and efficient media combined with functionalized magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes as solid-phase extraction to determine pesticide residues in food products.  FOOD CHEMISTRY,  310  (125863).  [PMID:31835214]
16. Lianqing Chen, Zhongda Wu, Yanting Du, Yufeng Huang, Shiwei Jin.  (2019)  Solvothermal synthesis of novel phenylpyrazole Schiff base fluorescent insecticides fused extended conjugate units for enhancing bioactivities, photophysical and electrochemical properties.  JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE,  1196  (555).  [PMID:]
17. Tianfu Wei, Gongke Li, Zhuomin Zhang.  (2019)  A covalently cross-linked microporous polymer based micro-solid phase extraction for online analysis of trace pesticide residues in citrus fruits.  JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE,  42  (4): (888-896).  [PMID:30556362]
18. Bo Zhang, Lei Zhang, Lujue He, Xiaodong Yang, Yali Shi, Shaowei Liao, Shan Yang, Jiagao Cheng, Tianrui Ren.  (2018)  Interactions of Fipronil within Fish and Insects: Experimental and Molecular Modeling Studies.  JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY,  66  (23): (5756–5761).  [PMID:29627978]
19. Baoyan Zhang, Zhiping Xu, Yixi Zhang, Xusheng Shao, Xiaoyong Xu, Jiaogao Cheng, Zhong Li.  (2015)  Fipronil induces apoptosis through caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathways in Drosophila S2 cells.  PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY,  119  (81).  [PMID:25868821]

References

1. Liran Tian, Xiangwei Song, Tianjiao Liu, Anfeng Li, Yang Ning, Xiuyi Hua, Deming Dong, Zhijun Song, Dapeng Liang.  (2023)  Spectrophotometric Determination of Acetamiprid Using Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) with Optimized Truncated Aptamers.  ANALYTICAL LETTERS,      [PMID:]
2. Xiaomu Qiao, Tianhao Zhou, Jing Zhang, Lixin Zhang, Yaobin Lu, Jia Huang.  (2023)  Functional validation of A2′N mutation of the RDL GABA receptor against fipronil via molecular modeling and genome engineering in drosophila.  PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE,      [PMID:38086568]
3. Ferry Saputra, Yu-Heng Lai, Marri Jmelou M. Roldan, Honeymae C. Alos, Charlaine A. Aventurado, Ross D. Vasquez, Chung-Der Hsiao.  (2023)  The Effect of the Pyrethroid Pesticide Fenpropathrin on the Cardiac Performance of Zebrafish and the Potential Mechanism of Toxicity.  Biology-Basel,  12  (9): (1214).  [PMID:37759613]
4. Shuqin Liu, Yiquan Huang, Yingming Duan, Zhangmin Xiang, Jian Liu, Xi Zhou, Zhiyong Chen.  (2024)  Volatile/semi-volatile metabolites profiling in living vegetables via a novel covalent triazine framework based solid-phase microextraction fiber coupled with GC-QTOF-MS.  FOOD CHEMISTRY,  430  (137064).  [PMID:37549619]
5. Liran Tian, Xiangwei Song, Tianjiao Liu, Anfeng Li, Yang Ning, Xiuyi Hua, Deming Dong, Dapeng Liang.  (2023)  A combined UV-visible with fluorescence detection method based on an unlabeled aptamer and AuNPs for the sensitive detection of acetamiprid.  NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY,  47  (16): (7722-7732).  [PMID:]
6. Yifan Li, Shujun Ni, Yunping Wang, Ruichi Li, Hong Sun, Xuan Ye, Zhen Tian, Yalin Zhang, Jiyuan Liu.  (2023)  The chemosensory protein 1 contributes to indoxacarb resistance in Plutella xylostella (L.).  PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE,      [PMID:36809665]
7. Yuhang Liu, Yi Zhang, Pran Gopal Karmaker, Yuting Tang, Lilei Zhang, Feng Huo, Ya Wang, Xiupei Yang.  (2022)  Dual-Color 2D Lead–Organic Framework with Two-Fold Interlocking Structures for the Detection of Nitrofuran Antibiotics and 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitroaniline.  ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,  14  (45): (51531–51544).  [PMID:36342338]
8. Xiaoyu Su, Zhiyu Chen, Huan Wang, Lei Yuan, Kaiyi Zheng, Wen Zhang, Xiaobo Zou.  (2022)  Ratiometric immunosensor with DNA tetrahedron nanostructure as high-performance carrier of reference signal and its applications in selective phoxim determination for vegetables.  FOOD CHEMISTRY,  383  (132445).  [PMID:35182867]
9. Liu Guangyan, Li Shiyu, Jiang Zejun, Li Jianping.  (2022)  A versatile and ultrasensitive molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor with HRP-encapsulated liposome labeled by light-triggered click reaction for pesticide residues.  MICROCHIMICA ACTA,  189  (1): (1-10).  [PMID:34935073]
10. Chen Shuqin, Huang Mengna, Huang Mianli, Feng Liang.  (2021)  Fluorometric determination of ziram using CsPbBr3 quantum dots.  MICROCHIMICA ACTA,  188  (11): (1-9).  [PMID:34677687]
11. Xu Jing, Jing Wu, Huihui Wang, Luyao Guo, Xiaojiao Zheng, Xiaowen Wang, Shuo Wang.  (2022)  Application of deep eutectic solvent-based extraction coupled with an S-CQD fluorescent sensor for the determination of pirimicarb in cereals.  FOOD CHEMISTRY,  370  (131360).  [PMID:34662796]
12. Xiuping He, Junhui Chen, Xiaotong Li, Jiuming Wang, Ming Xin, Xia Sun, Wei Cao, Baodong Wang.  (2021)  Pollution status, influencing factors and environmental risks of neonicotinoids, fipronil and its metabolites in a typical semi-closed bay in China.  ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION,  291  (118210).  [PMID:34582920]
13. Xin Pan, Zhangjun Wang, Chao Chen, Hui Li, Xianxin Li, Quanfeng Zhang, Xiufen Wang, Yanan Zhang.  (2020)  Research on the distribution of neonicotinoid and fipronil pollution in the Yangtze River by high-performance liquid chromatography.  Analytical Methods,  12  (46): (5581-5590).  [PMID:33165450]
14. Cong Wang, Yao Lin, Yichao Wang, Ting-Fu Jiang, Zhihua Lv.  (2021)  Determination of fipronil and its metabolites in chicken egg by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with 19F quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.  MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL,  160  (105547).  [PMID:]
15. Jing Zhao, Zhaorui Meng, Zexin Zhao, Longshan Zhao.  (2020)  Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent as green and efficient media combined with functionalized magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes as solid-phase extraction to determine pesticide residues in food products.  FOOD CHEMISTRY,  310  (125863).  [PMID:31835214]
16. Lianqing Chen, Zhongda Wu, Yanting Du, Yufeng Huang, Shiwei Jin.  (2019)  Solvothermal synthesis of novel phenylpyrazole Schiff base fluorescent insecticides fused extended conjugate units for enhancing bioactivities, photophysical and electrochemical properties.  JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE,  1196  (555).  [PMID:]
17. Tianfu Wei, Gongke Li, Zhuomin Zhang.  (2019)  A covalently cross-linked microporous polymer based micro-solid phase extraction for online analysis of trace pesticide residues in citrus fruits.  JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE,  42  (4): (888-896).  [PMID:30556362]
18. Bo Zhang, Lei Zhang, Lujue He, Xiaodong Yang, Yali Shi, Shaowei Liao, Shan Yang, Jiagao Cheng, Tianrui Ren.  (2018)  Interactions of Fipronil within Fish and Insects: Experimental and Molecular Modeling Studies.  JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY,  66  (23): (5756–5761).  [PMID:29627978]
19. Baoyan Zhang, Zhiping Xu, Yixi Zhang, Xusheng Shao, Xiaoyong Xu, Jiaogao Cheng, Zhong Li.  (2015)  Fipronil induces apoptosis through caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathways in Drosophila S2 cells.  PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY,  119  (81).  [PMID:25868821]

Solution Calculators